05 sping注解开发-@Import

1 引入

增加一个study.wyy.spring.anno.other.config.OtherConfig配置类

@Configuration
public class OtherConfig {

    @Bean
    public Person other(){
        return new Person("other", 15);
    }
}

注意我们的主配置类：没有扫到这个study.wyy.spring.anno.other.config包路径

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = {"study.wyy.spring.anno.learn"})
public class MainConfig {

我们容器中是不会有OtherConfig和other

测试：

  @Test(expected= NoSuchBeanDefinitionException.class)
    public void testOtherPerson() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);
        Person other = (Person) applicationContext.getBean("other");
        OtherConfig bean = applicationContext.getBean(OtherConfig.class);
    }

    @Test(expected= NoSuchBeanDefinitionException.class)
    public void testOtherConfig() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);
        OtherConfig bean = applicationContext.getBean(OtherConfig.class);
    }

2 @Import

2.1 入门案例

如何导入这个OtherConfig这个配置类呢？—> 使用@Import注解导入即可

1. 在MainConfig使用@Import注解导入即可

 */
@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = {"study.wyy.spring.anno.learn"})
@Import(OtherConfig.class)
public class MainConfig {

2. 测试

   @Test
    public void testImportOtherPerson() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);
        Person other = (Person) applicationContext.getBean("other");
        OtherConfig bean = applicationContext.getBean(OtherConfig.class);
    }

    @Test
    public void testImportOtherConfig() {
        AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MainConfig.class);
        OtherConfig bean = applicationContext.getBean(OtherConfig.class);
    }

2.2 @Import介绍

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface Import {

	/**
	 * {@link Configuration}, {@link ImportSelector}, {@link ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar}
	 * or regular component classes to import.
	 */
	Class<?>[] value();

}

• 使用在类上
• 可以导入Configuration，ImportSelector，ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar

刚刚演示的就是导入了一个配置类，将other这个Person导入

2.3 导入一个ImportSelector

2.3.1 ImportSelector介绍

public interface ImportSelector {

	/**
	 * Select and return the names of which class(es) should be imported based on
	 * the {@link AnnotationMetadata} of the importing @{@link Configuration} class.
	 */
	String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata);

}

• 返回值：返回需要到导入组件的全类名数组
• importingClassMetadata：当前类（在谁的类上时候导入ImportSelector）的注解信息
• 注意返回值不要是null，可以返回一个空数组

2.3.2 使用案例

使用ImportSelector导入OtherConfig

1. 实现Importector接口，导入OtherConfig

public class MyImportSelector implements ImportSelector {

    /**
     *
     * @param importingClassMetadata 类的注解信息
     * @return 返回需要到导入组件的全类名数组
     */
    @Override
    public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata) {
        // 返回OtherConfig的全类名
       return new String[]{"study.wyy.spring.anno.other.config.OtherConfig"};
    }

}

2. 在主配置类导入MyImportSelector

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = {"study.wyy.spring.anno.learn"})
@Import(MyImportSelector.class)
public class MainConfig {

3. 在执行刚刚的测试方法进行断言

2.4 导入一个ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar

2.4.1 ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar介绍

通过registerBeanDefinitions方法，将需要添加到容器的组件手工注册进来

public interface ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {

	/**
	 * Register bean definitions as necessary based on the given annotation metadata of
	 * the importing {@code @Configuration} class.
	 * <p>Note that {@link BeanDefinitionRegistryPostProcessor} types may <em>not</em> be
	 * registered here, due to lifecycle constraints related to {@code @Configuration}
	 * class processing.
	 * @param importingClassMetadata annotation metadata of the importing class
	 * @param registry current bean definition registry
	 */
	public void registerBeanDefinitions(
			AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry);

}

• importingClassMetadata： 当前类的注解信息
• registry： bean定义的注册类

2.4.2 演示案例

1. 实现ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar接口

public class MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar implements ImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar {


    @Override
    public void registerBeanDefinitions(AnnotationMetadata importingClassMetadata, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
        BeanDefinition otherConfig = new RootBeanDefinition(OtherConfig.class);
        registry.registerBeanDefinition("otherConfig", otherConfig);
    }
}

2. 在主配置中导入

@Configuration
@ComponentScan(value = {"study.wyy.spring.anno.learn"})
@Import(value = MyImportBeanDefinitionRegistrar.class)
public class MainConfig {

3. 在执行刚刚的测试方法进行断言