SOCKET----TCP & UDP

关于TCP,UDP这块其实就是下面这几个步骤：（左边的是服务器的，右边是客户端的）务必注意两者的区别！！

TCP：

utili.h

#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>

#define SERVER_PORT 8080
#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1"
#define LISTEN_QUEUE_SIZE 5
#define BUFFER_SIZE 256

ser.c

#include"utili.h"

int main()
{
   int sockSer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
   if(sockSer == -1)
   {
     perror("socket");
     exit(1);
   }

   struct sockaddr_in addrSer, addrCli;
   addrSer.sin_family = AF_INET;
   addrSer.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);     //这里的port和IP参数其实最好用main函数
                                                的参数传更好,可以参考下文中UDP的ser.c
   addrSer.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);

   socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
   int ret = bind(sockSer, (struct sockaddr*)&addrSer, len);
   if(ret == -1)
   {
     perror("bind");
     exit(1);
   }

   ret = listen(sockSer, LISTEN_QUEUE_SIZE);
   if(ret == -1)
   {
     perror("listen");
     exit(1);
   }

   int sockConn = accept(sockSer, (struct sockaddr*)&addrCli, &len);
   if(sockConn == -1)
   {
     printf("Server Accept Client Connect Fail.\n");
     exit(1);
   }
   else
   {
     printf("Server Accept Client Connect Success.\n");
   }

   char sendbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
   char recvbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
   while(1)
   {
     printf("Ser:>");
     scanf("%s", sendbuf);
     send(sockConn, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf)+1, 0);
     recv(sockConn, recvbuf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
     printf("Cli:>%s\n", recvbuf);
   }

   close(sockSer);
   return 0;
}

 cli.c

#include"utili.h"

int main()
{
  int sockCli = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  if(sockCli == -1)
  {
    perror("socket");
    exit(1);
  }

  struct sockaddr_in addrSer;
  addrSer.sin_family = AF_INET;
  addrSer.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
  addrSer.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);

  socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);
  int ret = connect(sockCli, (struct sockaddr*)&addrSer, len);
  if(ret == -1)
  {
    perror("connect");
    exit(1);
  }
  else
  {
    printf("Client Connect Server Success.\n");
  }

  char sendbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  char recvbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  while(1)
  {
    recv(sockCli, recvbuf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
    printf("Ser:>%s\n",recvbuf);
    printf("Cli:>");
    scanf("%s", sendbuf);
    send(sockCli, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf)+1, 0);
  }

  close(sockCli);
  return 0;
} 

运行效果：（不过这里只能一人一句，而且这个服务器只能给一个客户端服务） 

 UDP：

ser.c 

#include"utili.h"
int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
  if(argc <= 2)
  {
     printf("usage: %s ip_address port_number\n",basename(argv[0]));
     return 1;
  }
  char *ip = argv[1];
  int port = atio(argv[2]);

  int sockSer = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
  if(sockSer == -1)
  {
   perror("socket");
   return -1;
  }

  struct sockaddr_in addrSer, addrCli;
  addrSer.sin_family = AF_INET;
  addrSer.sin_port = htons(port);
  addrSer.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(ip);
  socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);

  int ret = bind(sockSer, (struct sockaddr*)&addrSer, len);
  if(ret == -1)
  {
    perror("bind");
    return -1;
  }
  char sendbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  char recvbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
  while(1)
  {
    recvfrom(sockSer, recvbuf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addrCli, &len);
    printf("Cli:>%s\n",recvbuf);
    printf("Ser:>");
    scanf("%s",sendbuf);
    sendto(sockSer, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf)+1, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addrCli,len);
  }
  close(sockSer);
  return 0;
}

cli.c

#include"utili.h"
int main()
{
   int sockCli = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
   if(sockCli == -1)
   {
     perror("sockCli");
     return -1;
   }
   
   struct sockaddr_in addrSer, addrCli;
   addrSer.sin_family = AF_INET;
   addrSer.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT);
   addrSer.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERVER_IP);
   socklen_t len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);

   char sendbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];
   char recvbuf[BUFFER_SIZE];

   while(1)
   {
     printf("cli:>");
     scanf("%s",sendbuf);
     sendto(sockCli, sendbuf, strlen(sendbuf)+1, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addrSer, len);
     recvfrom(sockCli, recvbuf, BUFFER_SIZE, 0, (struct sockaddr*)&addrSer, &len);
     printf("ser:>%s\n", recvbuf);
   }
   close(sockCli);
   return 0;
}

运行结果：（相较于上面那个用TCP的服务器，这里的这个UDP服务器可以给多个客户端服务，但还是只能一人一句。。。）

其实关于TCP ，UDP应用很广，这里就只是些皮毛，上面的程序其实还有好多弊端。。。所以这就牵扯到关于多线程，多进程，以及IO复用等等一些一系列基于tcp,udp之上的技术。。。