第六章

3
using namespace std;   
class Point   
{public:    
Point(float a,float b):x(a),y(b){}    
~Point(){cout<<"executing Point destructor"<<endl;}   
private:   
float x;   
float y;   
};   
class Circle:public Point   
{public:    
Circle(float a,float b,float r):Point(a,b),radius(r){}    
~Circle(){cout<<"executing Circle destructor"<<endl;}   
private:    
float radius;   
};   
int main()    
{Point *p=new Circle(2.5,1.8,4.5);    
delete p;   
return 0;   
}


    
4
using namespace std;  
class Shape   
{public:    
virtual double area() const =0;//纯虚函数  
};//定义Circle类  
class Circle:public Shape   
{public:    
Circle(double r):radius(r){}//结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return 3.14159*radius*radius;}; //定义虚函数  
protected:    
double radius; //半径  
};//定义Rectangle类  
class Rectangle:public Shape   
{public:    
Rectangle(double w,double h):width(w),height(h){} //结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return width*height;}//定义虚函数  
protected:    
double width,height;
};   
class Triangle:public Shape   
{public:    
Triangle(double w,double h):width(w),height(h){}//结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return 0.5*width*height;} //定义虚函数  
protected:    
double width,height;
};//输出面积的函数  
void printArea(const Shape &s)    
{cout<<s.area()<<endl;} //输出s的面积  
int main()   
{    
Circle circle(12.6);//建立Circle类对象circle    
cout<<"area of circle =";   
printArea(circle);//输出circle的面积  
Rectangle rectangle(4.5,8.4);//建立Rectangle类对象rectangle    
cout<<"area of rectangle =";   
printArea(rectangle);//输出rectangle的面积     
Triangle triangle(4.5,8.4); //建立Triangle类对象  
cout<<"area of triangle =";    
printArea(triangle);//输出triangle的面积  
return 0;   
} 
  


5
using namespace std;
class Shape   
{public:    
virtual double area() const =0;//纯虚函数  
};//定义Circle(圆形)类  
class Circle:public Shape   
{public:    
Circle(double r):radius(r){}//结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return 3.14159*radius*radius;}; //定义虚函数  
protected:    
double radius;//半径  
};//定义Square(正方形)类   
class Square:public Shape   
{public:  
Square(double s):side(s){}//结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return side*side;} //定义虚函数  
protected:    
double side;   
};//定义Rectangle(矩形)类  
class Rectangle:public Shape   
{public:    
Rectangle(double w,double h):width(w),height(h){}//结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return width*height;}   
//定义虚函数  
protected:    
double width,height;//宽与高  
};//定义Trapezoid(梯形)类   
class Trapezoid:public Shape   
{public:  
Trapezoid(double t,double b,double h):top(t),bottom(t),height(h){} //结构函数  
virtual double area() const {return 0.5*(top+bottom)*height;} //定义虚函数    
protected:  
double top,bottom,height; //上底、下底与高  
};//定义Triangle(三角形)类  
class Triangle:public Shape   
{public:    
Triangle(double w,double h):width(w),height(h){} //结构函数  
virtual double area()const {return 0.5*width*height;} //定义虚函数  
protected:    
double width,height;//宽与高  
};   
int main()   
{Circle circle(12.6); //建立Circle类对象circle     
Square square(3.5); //建立Square类对象square     
Rectangle rectangle(4.5,8.4);//建立Rectangle类对象rectangle    
Trapezoid trapezoid(2.0,4.5,3.2); //建立Trapezoid类对象trapezoid   
Triangle triangle(4.5,8.4);//建立Triangle类对象  
Shape *pt[5]={&circle,&square,&rectangle,&trapezoid,&triangle};//定义基类指针数组pt，使它每一个元素指向一个派生类对象  
double areas=0.0;//areas为总面积  
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)    
{areas=areas+pt[i]->area();}    
cout<<"totol of all areas="<<areas<<endl;//输出总面积  
return 0;   
}