Objective-C Runtime 一小时入门教程(中)

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 08:34:25 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 08:34:25 发布

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6.2 苍老师的特征篇

苍老师在大家心目中应该有很多特征吧，下面我们通过代码来获取苍老师的特征。

People.h文件

@interface People : NSObject

{

NSString *_occupation;

NSString *_nationality;

}

@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;

@property (nonatomic) NSUInteger age;

- (NSDictionary *)allProperties;

- (NSDictionary *)allIvars;

- (NSDictionary *)allMethods;

@end

People.m文件

#if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR

#import <objc/objc-runtime.h>

#else

#import <objc/runtime.h>

#import <objc/message.h>

#endif

@implementation People

- (NSDictionary *)allProperties

{

    unsigned int count = 0;

    // 获取类的所有属性，如果没有属性count就为0

    objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &count);

    NSMutableDictionary *resultDict = [<a href="http://www.jobbole.com/members/www821839432">@{}</a> mutableCopy];

    for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < count; i ++) {

        // 获取属性的名称和值

        const char *propertyName = property_getName(properties[i]);

        NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:propertyName];

        id propertyValue = [self valueForKey:name];

        if (propertyValue) {

            resultDict[name] = propertyValue;

        } else {

            resultDict[name] = @"字典的key对应的value不能为nil哦！";

        }

    }

    // 这里properties是一个数组指针，我们需要使用free函数来释放内存。

    free(properties);

    return resultDict;

}

- (NSDictionary *)allIvars

{

    unsigned int count = 0;

    NSMutableDictionary *resultDict = [<a href="http://www.jobbole.com/members/www821839432">@{}</a> mutableCopy];

    Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList([self class], &count);

    for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < count; i ++) {

        const char *varName = ivar_getName(ivars[i]);

        NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:varName];

        id varValue = [self valueForKey:name];

        if (varValue) {

            resultDict[name] = varValue;

        } else {

            resultDict[name] = @"字典的key对应的value不能为nil哦！";

        }

    }

    free(ivars);

    return resultDict;

}

- (NSDictionary *)allMethods

{

    unsigned int count = 0;

    NSMutableDictionary *resultDict = [<a href="http://www.jobbole.com/members/www821839432">@{}</a> mutableCopy];

    // 获取类的所有方法，如果没有方法count就为0

    Method *methods = class_copyMethodList([self class], &count);

    for (NSUInteger i = 0; i < count; i ++) {

        // 获取方法名称

        SEL methodSEL = method_getName(methods[i]);

        const char *methodName = sel_getName(methodSEL);

        NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:methodName];

        // 获取方法的参数列表

        int arguments = method_getNumberOfArguments(methods[i]);

        resultDict[name] = @(arguments-2);

    }

    free(methods);

    return resultDict;

}

@end

在main.m中运行以下代码

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    @autoreleasepool {

        People *cangTeacher = [[People alloc] init];

        cangTeacher.name = @"苍井空";

        cangTeacher.age = 18;

        [cangTeacher setValue:@"老师" forKey:@"occupation"];

        NSDictionary *propertyResultDic = [cangTeacher allProperties];

        for (NSString *propertyName in propertyResultDic.allKeys) {

            NSLog(@"propertyName:%@, propertyValue:%@",propertyName, propertyResultDic[propertyName]);

        }

        NSDictionary *ivarResultDic = [cangTeacher allIvars];

        for (NSString *ivarName in ivarResultDic.allKeys) {

            NSLog(@"ivarName:%@, ivarValue:%@",ivarName, ivarResultDic[ivarName]);

        }

        NSDictionary *methodResultDic = [cangTeacher allMethods];

        for (NSString *methodName in methodResultDic.allKeys) {

            NSLog(@"methodName:%@, argumentsCount:%@", methodName, methodResultDic[methodName]);

        }

    }

    return 0;

}

最后的输出结果如下：

是不是有点失望，我没有加一些特殊的技能，留给下文了。此实战内容是通过苍老师的一些特征学习：如何获取对象所有的属性名称和属性值、获取对象所有成员变量名称和变量值、获取对象所有的方法名和方法参数数量。

6.3 苍老师增加新技能篇

苍老师要通过Category和Associated Objects增加技能了，快看！

创建People+Associated.h文件如下：

#import "People.h"

typedef void (^CodingCallBack)();

@interface People (Associated)

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSNumber *associatedBust; // 胸围

@property (nonatomic, copy) CodingCallBack associatedCallBack; // 写代码

@end

People+Associated.m如下:

#import "People+Associated.h"

#if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR

#import <objc/objc-runtime.h>

#else

#import <objc/runtime.h>

#import <objc/message.h>

#endif

@implementation People (Associated)

- (void)setAssociatedBust:(NSNumber *)bust

{

    // 设置关联对象

    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(associatedBust), bust, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);

}

- (NSNumber *)associatedBust

{

    // 得到关联对象

    return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(associatedBust));

}

- (void)setAssociatedCallBack:(CodingCallBack)callback {

    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(associatedCallBack), callback, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY_NONATOMIC);

}

- (CodingCallBack)associatedCallBack {

    return objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(associatedCallBack));

}

@end

在main.m中运行以下代码

#import "People.h"

#import "People+Associated.h"

int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {

    @autoreleasepool {

        People *cangTeacher = [[People alloc] init];

        cangTeacher.name = @"苍井空";

        cangTeacher.age = 18;

        [cangTeacher setValue:@"老师" forKey:@"occupation"];

        cangTeacher.associatedBust = @(90);

        cangTeacher.associatedCallBack = ^(){

            NSLog(@"苍老师要写代码了！");

        };

        cangTeacher.associatedCallBack();

        NSDictionary *propertyResultDic = [cangTeacher allProperties];

        for (NSString *propertyName in propertyResultDic.allKeys) {

            NSLog(@"propertyName:%@, propertyValue:%@",propertyName, propertyResultDic[propertyName]);

        }

        NSDictionary *methodResultDic = [cangTeacher allMethods];

        for (NSString *methodName in methodResultDic.allKeys) {

            NSLog(@"methodName:%@, argumentsCount:%@", methodName, methodResultDic[methodName]);

        }

    }

    return 0;

}