列表生成式即是Python内置的非常简单却强大的可以用来创建list的生成式。
举个例子,要生成list [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
可以用range(1, 11)
:
即使稍复杂点的也可以不用写循环赋值了
list=[1,2,3,4,5]
#每一项都是list的两倍
list2=[2*x for x in list]
print(list2)#[2,4,6,8,10]
#list中值为偶数项的2倍
list3=[2*x for x in list if x%2==0]
print(list3)#[4, 8]
list_a=['a','b','c']
list_b=['M','N','O']
#用两个变量生成列表
list_ab=[a+b for a in list_a for b in list_b]
print(list_ab)#['aN', 'aN', 'aO', 'bN', 'bN', 'bO', 'cN', 'cN', 'cO']
#生成式中可以用函数
list_ab_lower=[a.lower() for a in list_ab]
print(list_ab_lower)#['an', 'an', 'ao', 'bn', 'bn', 'bo', 'cn', 'cn', 'co']
#用两个变量生成列表,不同在for
persons = {'John': 28, 'Tom': 17, 'Jimi': 26 }
list_p=[name+' is '+str(age)+' years old' for name,age in persons.items()]
print(list_p)#['John is 28 years old', 'Jimi is 26 years old', 'Tom is 17 years old']