hibernate 一对多关联（三）

One-to-many，进行配置一对多外键关联

User 和cards的一对多，cards id主键，自增长，属性uid引用user id作为外键。User实体可以访问cards实体集，但是反之不行（单向）。官方不推荐。

 

CREATE TABLE `cards` (

  `cid` int(11)NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `uid` int(11),

  `info`varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY(`cid`),

  KEY `uid`(`uid`) USING BTREE,

  CONSTRAINT`cards_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`uid`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`) ON DELETE CASCADEON UPDATE CASCADE

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT;

 

CREATE TABLE `user` (

  `id` int(11)NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `name`varchar(50) NOT NULL,

  `age` int(50)NOT NULL,

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=12 DEFAULTCHARSET=utf8;

 

 

publicclassUser implements Serializable {

   privateInteger id;

   privateString name;

   privateInteger age;

private Set cards;

 

publicclassCards implements Serializable {

   privateInteger cid;

   privateString info;

private Integer uid;

 

User.hbm.xml

<set name="cards" lazy="true"inverse="false" cascade="all">

        <key>

            <column name="uid"/>

        </key>

<one-to-many class="org.hibernate.tutorial.domain.Cards"/>

 </set>

Cards.hbm.xml

<class name="org.hibernate.tutorial.domain.Cards"table="cards">

   <id name="cid" type="java.lang.Integer"column="cid">

        <generator class="native"/>

</id>

<property name="uid"type="java.lang.Integer" column="uid"/>

<property name="info"type="java.lang.String" column="info" length="255"/>

</class>

 

测试

@Test

    publicvoid testonetomanyOneWay() {

        // 读取hibernate.cfg.xml文件

        Configurationcfg= newConfiguration().configure();

 

        // 建立SessionFactory

        SessionFactoryfactory= cfg.buildSessionFactory();

 

        // 取得session

        Sessionsession= null;

        try {

            session = factory.openSession();

            // 开启事务

            session.beginTransaction();

            Useru1 = (User) session.load(User.class, new Integer(16));

            Cardscard= newCards();

            card.setInfo("welcome");

           

            u1.getCards().add(card);//设置一对多

            session.save(u1);//插入user，会自动添加card纪录

 

            System.err.println(u1.getCards().size());

           

            session.getTransaction().commit();

        }catch(Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

            // 回滚事务

            session.getTransaction().rollback();

        }finally{

            if (session != null) {

                if (session.isOpen()) {

                   // 关闭session

                   session.close();

                }

            }

        }

    }

    更新user的时候，产生以下sql语句

Card表，uid允许为空,另外Cards.hbm.xml中uid也没有配置（忘记了）

session.save(u1)

Hibernate: select user0_.id asid0_1_, user0_.NAME as NAME0_1_, user0_.age as age0_1_, card1_.id as id2_0_,card1_.info as info2_0_ from user user0_ left outer join card card1_ onuser0_.id=card1_.id where user0_.id=?

Hibernate: select cards0_.uid as uid1_,cards0_.cid as cid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_0_, cards0_.info as info1_0_ fromcards cards0_ where cards0_.uid=?

Hibernate: insert into cards (info) values (?)

Hibernate: update cards set uid=?where cid=?

 

session.save(card)

Hibernate: select user0_.id asid0_1_, user0_.NAME as NAME0_1_, user0_.age as age0_1_, card1_.id as id2_0_,card1_.info as info2_0_ from user user0_ left outer join card card1_ onuser0_.id=card1_.id where user0_.id=?

Hibernate: select cards0_.uid asuid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_0_, cards0_.info as info1_0_from cards cards0_ where cards0_.uid=?

Hibernate: insert into cards (info)values (?)

Hibernate: update cards set uid=?where cid=?

 

进一步Cards.hbm.xml中uid配置

<property name="uid"type="java.lang.Integer" column="uid"/>但是uid还是允许为空

 

session.save(u1)

Hibernate: select user0_.id asid0_1_, user0_.NAME as NAME0_1_, user0_.age as age0_1_, card1_.id as id2_0_,card1_.info as info2_0_ from user user0_ left outer join card card1_ onuser0_.id=card1_.id where user0_.id=?

Hibernate: select cards0_.uid asuid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_0_, cards0_.uid as uid1_0_,cards0_.info as info1_0_ from cards cards0_ where cards0_.uid=?

Hibernate: insert into cards (uid, info) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: update cards set uid=?where cid=?

 

session.save(card)

Hibernate: select user0_.id asid0_1_, user0_.NAME as NAME0_1_, user0_.age as age0_1_, card1_.id as id2_0_,card1_.info as info2_0_ from user user0_ left outer join card card1_ onuser0_.id=card1_.id where user0_.id=?

Hibernate: select cards0_.uid asuid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_, cards0_.cid as cid1_0_, cards0_.uid as uid1_0_,cards0_.info as info1_0_ from cards cards0_ where cards0_.uid=?

Hibernate: insert into cards (uid, info) values (?, ?)

Hibernate: update cards set uid=?where cid=?

两次插入cards应该都是uid=null

 

然后将cards的uid设置为不允许为空，那么上面的插入就会失败，大概是一个Column'uid' cannot be null。代码中需要手动配置card.setUid(user.getId());

我猜测大概是hibernate的策略是先插入外键空值，然后更新外键set uid=? where cid=?。

 

有个问题，按理应该不配置card.setUid(user.getId());也可以保存成功吧，user实例维护一对多的关系，然后插入cards的时候将uid配置。即使说不能为空，我随意设置一个满足约束条件的值（非正确对应的），然后hibernate应该更新对应的uid，但是实际测试貌似没有。

User的id为16，card.setUid(19);         user.setCards(cards);插入的cards记录的uid仍然是19.hibernate版本是3.1.觉得有些奇怪