mysql部署【用rpm方式】

部署说明

Linux上安装软件常见的几种方式：

• 源码编译
• 压缩包解压（一般为tar.gz）
• 编译好的安装包（RPM、DPKG等）
• 在线安装（YUM、APT等）

部署方式简单程度：YUM > RPM > tar.gz > 源码，本文介绍RPM方式.

部署步骤

1. 删除旧包

# 查找
rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
# 删除
rpm -ev mysql-libs-* --nodeps

2. 下载RPM包mysql-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

由于国外资源下载缓慢，可以使用华为开源镜像

3. 解压压缩包

[root@mysql03 ~]# tar -xvf mysql-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar 
mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-test-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

4. 安装
   只需要安装以下四个

mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

四个包有依赖关系。安装有先后顺序要求。

shell> rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
shell> rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
shell> rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
shell> rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.31-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

更简单的安装命令

# 这样，包之间会自动处理依赖和先后顺序
yum install mysql-community-{server,client,common,libs}-*

注意上面命令要求在解压后的目录里执行，不然yum找不到包就会到公网下载，速度非常慢.

5. 启动服务

service mysqld start
service mysqld stop
service mysqld status

6. 登录修改默认密码

# 获取root用户临时密码
cat /var/log/mysqld.log | more

# mysqld.log 临时密码
2020-07-28T01:23:53.588166Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: dDO>*a4!uA+o

# 登录, 使用初始化生成的临时密码登录
mysql -u root -p

# 修改密码
set password for root@localhost = password('123456');

# 开放远程连接
use mysql;
update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
flush privileges;

修改密码时会报错ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements,意思是密码强度不符合要求.
可以修改/etc/my.cnf, 添加validate_password=OFF, 关闭密码强度校验, 然后重启service mysqld restart.

mysql安装RPM方式比tar.gz方式简单不少.

参考链接

• CentOS安装MySQL详解
• linux MySQL5.7 rpm安装