Linux下安装部署Mysql

系统：CentOS Linux release 7.7.1908 (Core)

软件：mysql-5.7.34

安装步骤：

mkdir -p /usr/local/soft/package
cd /usr/local/soft/package
#下载安装包，解压
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
tar -xvf mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.34-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 ../mysql
cd ../mysql
#依赖安装
yum -y install bison-devel ncurses-devel libaio
#创建数据目录
mkdir data
#创建mysql用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql -d /usr/local/soft/mysql/
#一些目录权限应用
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/soft/mysql/

mkdir /var/log/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql/
chmod 755 /var/log/mysql/

mkdir /var/run/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysql/
chmod 755 /var/run/mysql/

mkdir /var/lib/mysql/
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql/
chmod 755 /var/lib/mysql/

#创建配置文件/etc/my.cnf
vim /etc/my.cnf
#添加以下内容:
'''
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/soft/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/soft/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
user=mysql
port=3306
character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8mb4'
symbolic-links=0
max_connections=200
default-storage-engine=INNODB
lower_case_table_names=1
max_allowed_packet=32M
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysql/mysql.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid
#
# include all files from the config directory
#
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
'''
#

#以不安全的模式(空密码)初始化mysql 会提示空密码警告
./bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/soft/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/soft/mysql/data
#以空密码登录 提示输入密码直接回车就好
mysql -uroot -p

#修改root@localhost的密码
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = password('密码');
mysql> flush privileges;

#让root支持远程登录
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '密码' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;

#或创建另一个管理员账号用来远程登录
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'admin'@'%' identified by '密码' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;

#创建指定数据库的管理员账号
mysql> grant all privileges on testdb.* to 'testdbadmin'@'%' identified by '密码' with grant option;
mysql> flush privileges;

#退出重新用新密码登录或使用远程登录测试
#...

服务注册

vim /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
#添加以下内容:
'''
[Unit]
Description=mysql service

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/soft/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/soft/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
User=mysql

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
'''
#查询服务状态
systemctl status mysql
#启动服务
systemctl start mysql
#停止服务
systemctl stop mysql
#重启服务
systemctl restart mysql
#设置服务开机启动
systemctl enable mysql
#关闭服务开机启动
systemctl disable mysql