Spring Cloud 学习笔记——Eureka RestTemplate简化请求代码及自带负载均衡

6.2.1 使用 Eureka 的服务发现工具

• 引入 DIscoryClient ,用 DiscoveryClient来获取服务地址

@Autowired
    DiscoveryClient discoveryClient;

    @GetMapping("/hello2")
    public String hello2() {
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        List<ServiceInstance> services = discoveryClient.getInstances("provider");
        ServiceInstance instance = services.get(0);
        String host = instance.getHost();
        int port = instance.getPort();
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        stringBuffer.append("http://")
                .append(host)
                .append(":")
                .append(port)
                .append("/hello");
        try {
//            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:1113/hello" );
            System.out.println(stringBuffer);
            URL url = new URL(stringBuffer.toString());
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
                String s = br.readLine();
                br.close();
                return s;
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "error!";
    } 

• 访问 http://localhost:1115/hello2，验证可用
  

• 设置手工线性负载均衡

int count = 0;
    @GetMapping("/hello3")
    public String hello3() {
        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
        List<ServiceInstance> services = discoveryClient.getInstances("provider");
        int index = count ++ %services.size();
        ServiceInstance instance = services.get(index);
        String host = instance.getHost();
        int port = instance.getPort();
        StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
        stringBuffer.append("http://")
                .append(host)
                .append(":")
                .append(port)
                .append("/hello");
        try {
//            URL url = new URL("http://localhost:1113/hello" );
            System.out.println(stringBuffer);
            URL url = new URL(stringBuffer.toString());
            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            if (conn.getResponseCode() == 200) {
                BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
                String s = br.readLine();
                br.close();
                return s;
            }
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return "error!";
    }

• 验证手工线性负载均衡可用，并重复请求验证 provider 集群可用
  
  

6.2.2 简化代码

6.2.2.1 简化请求

• HttpURLConnection部分代码，替换为 RestTemplate，RestTemplate 是 Spring 自带的类，不是 Spring Cloud 新增的内容。一行代码就实现 Http 调用
• 在 main 函数中增加如下代码

@Bean
    RestTemplate restTemplateOne(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

• 简化前代码
  
• 简化后
  
• 再次调用 http://locahost:1115/hello2
  

6.2.2.1 简化负载均衡

• 使用 Ribbon 快速实现负债均衡，给 RestTemplate 添加 @LoadBanced 注解；在 main 函数类，新增一个 RestTemplate 的Bean对象；

@Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    RestTemplate restTemplateTwo(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

• 因为有两个 RestTemplate Bean，在 UseHelloController 的 RestTemplate 增加 @Qualifier 注解
• 改写前如下代码：
  
• 改写后

@Autowired
    @Qualifier("restTemplateTwo")
    RestTemplate balanceRestTemplate;
    @GetMapping("/hello3")
    public String hello3() {
        String s = balanceRestTemplate.getForObject("http://provider/hello", String.class);
        return s;
    }

• 再次访问两次 http://localhost:1115/hello3