给定一个二叉树
struct Node {
int val;
Node *left;
Node *right;
Node *next;
}
填充它的每个 next 指针,让这个指针指向其下一个右侧节点。如果找不到下一个右侧节点,则将 next 指针设置为 NULL。
初始状态下,所有 next 指针都被设置为 NULL。
示例:
输入:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":4},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":5},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"5","left":null,"next":null,"right":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"val":3},"val":1}
输出:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":{"$id":"5","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"right":null,"val":5},"right":null,"val":4},"next":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"5"},"val":3},"right":{"$ref":"4"},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"6"},"val":1}
解释:给定二叉树如图 A 所示,你的函数应该填充它的每个 next 指针,以指向其下一个右侧节点,如图 B 所示。
提示:
你只能使用常量级额外空间。
使用递归解题也符合要求,本题中递归程序占用的栈空间不算做额外的空间复杂度。
这个题和上一个题基本思路还是一样的,递归的话需要判断左右节点是否存在,要链接到next的存在的一个节点,因此每次都要先连右边的,从后往前连。迭代的话需要设置一个空指针,因为可能存在左节点没有的情况,然后依次逐层连接即可。
C++源代码:
/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public:
int val;
Node* left;
Node* right;
Node* next;
Node() {}
Node(int _val, Node* _left, Node* _right, Node* _next) {
val = _val;
left = _left;
right = _right;
next = _next;
}
};
*/
class Solution {
public:
Node* connect(Node* root) {
if (!root) return NULL;
Node *p = root->next;
while(p){
if (p->left){
p = p->left;
break;
}
if(p->right){
p = p->right;
break;
}
p = p->next;
}
if (root->right) root->right->next = p;
if (root->left) root->left->next = root->right?root->right:p;
connect(root->right);
connect(root->left);
return root;
}
};
python3源代码:
"""
# Definition for a Node.
class Node:
def __init__(self, val, left, right, next):
self.val = val
self.left = left
self.right = right
self.next = next
"""
class Solution:
def connect(self, root: 'Node') -> 'Node':
dummy = Node(0, None, None, None)
cur = dummy
p = root
while p:
if p.left:
cur.next = p.left
cur = cur.next
if p.right:
cur.next = p.right
cur = cur.next
p = p.next
if p==None:
p = dummy.next
dummy.next = None
cur = dummy
return root