SpringCloud Eureka集群保证高可用和 Ribbon负载均衡集成实例

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-01 19:22:10 发布

珂-瑞

最新推荐文章于 2023-01-01 19:22:10 发布

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分类专栏： springcloud

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xaccpJ2EE/article/details/102928434

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一、SpringCloud简介

Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等，都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子，它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验的服务框架组合起来，通过Spring Boot风格进行再封装屏蔽掉了复杂的配置和实现原理，最终给开发者留出了一套简单易懂、易部署和易维护的分布式系统开发工具包。

二、微服务的注册与发现-Eureka

Eureka是Netflix开源的服务发现组件，本身是基于Rest的服务，它包含服务端和客户端两部分；在SpringCloud中将它集成在其中，从而实现了微服务的发现与注册；

Eureka Server
- 服务端-没有存储，内存保持，每服务实例需要发送心跳去续约
- 客户端-在内存中缓存着eureka的注册信息，因此不必每请求到eureka查找服务
- eureka之间会做注册服务同步，从而保证状态一致，客户端只需访问一个eureka
Service Provider
- 会向Eureka Server做Register（服务注册）、Renew（服务续约）、Cancel（服务下线）等操作
Service Consumer
- 会向Eureka Server获取注册服务列表，并消费服务。

三、Ribbon简介

Ribbon是Netflix发布的负载均衡器，它有助于控制HTTP和TCP客户端的行为。为Ribbon配置服务提供者地址列表后，Ribbon就可基于某种负载均衡算法，自动地帮助服务消费者去请求。Ribbon默认为我们提供了很多的负载均衡算法，例如：轮询，随机等，也可自定义；

四、实例

本实例在idea中实现，为了实现简单，代码有重复，主要来讲解实例。架构如下：

eureka-keepalived-server1： eureka 注册中心
eureka-keepalived-server2：eureka 注册中心
eureka-ribbon-client1：服务消费者
eureka-ribbon-client2：服务生产者，提供两个节点的服务

4.1、eureka-keepalived-server1

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.man</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-keepalived-server1</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka-keepalived-server1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Camden.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.properties

server.port=8881
spring.application.name=eureka-server-1
#表示是否将自己注册在EurekaServer上，默认为true。由于当前应用就是EurekaServer，所以置为false
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=true
#表示表示是否从EurekaServer获取注册信息，默认为true。单节点不需要同步其他的EurekaServer节点的数据
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
#指定主机名
eureka.instance.hostname=server1
#设置EurekaServer的地址，将自身注册到Server2
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://server2:8882/eureka
#是否开启基本的鉴权
security.basic.enabled=false

SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication1.java

package com.man;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication1.class, args);
    }
}

4.2、eureka-keepalived-server2 配置类似

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.man</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-keepalived-server2</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka-keepalived-server2</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Camden.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.properties

server.port=8882
spring.application.name=eureka-server-2
#表示是否将自己注册在EurekaServer上，默认为true。由于当前应用就是EurekaServer，所以置为false
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=true
#表示表示是否从EurekaServer获取注册信息，默认为true。单节点不需要同步其他的EurekaServer节点的数据
eureka.client.fetch-registry=true
#指定主机名
eureka.instance.hostname=server2
#设置EurekaServer的地址，将自身注册到Server2
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://server1:8881/eureka
#是否开启基本的鉴权
security.basic.enabled=false

SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication2.java

package com.man;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;

@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpingCloudEurekaServerApplication2.class, args);
    }

}

更改hosts文件，加入以下配置，让server1 与server2 同时指向127.0.0.1

127.0.0.1 server1  server2

eureka-keepalived-server1 与eureka-keepalived-server2 为了方便，搭了两个服务来说明eureka集群，启动两个应用,访问

http://server1:8881 和 http://server2:8882

4.3、eureka-ribbon-client1 服务消费端

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.man</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-ribbon-client1</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka-ribbon-client1</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Camden.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.properties

server.port=9991
spring.application.name=client-9991
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://server1:8881/eureka/,http://server2:8882/eureka/

EurekaRibbonClientApplication1.java

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaRibbonClientApplication1 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonClientApplication1.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

RibbonController.java  到注册中心查找具体服务

@RestController
public class RibbonController {
    @Autowired
    private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/loadInstance")
    public String loadInstance(){
        ServiceInstance choose=this.loadBalancerClient.choose("client-9999");
        String url=choose.getServiceId()+":"+choose.getHost()+":"+choose.getPort();
        System.out.println(url);
        return url;

    }
}

继续启动消费端eureka-ribbon-client1，已经注册到注册中心中

4.4、eureka-ribbon-client2 服务生产端

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.man</groupId>
    <artifactId>eureka-ribbon-client2</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>eureka-ribbon-client2</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-ribbon</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>Camden.SR2</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

application.properties

server.port=9992
spring.application.name=client-9999
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://server1:8881/eureka/,http://server2:8882/eureka/

EurekaRibbonClientApplication2.java

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaRibbonClientApplication2 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(EurekaRibbonClientApplication2.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

ClientController.java

@RestController
public class ClientController {

    @GetMapping("getUser")
    public String getUser(){
        System.out.println("获得用户成功");
        return "获得用户成功";
    }
}

启动服务生产端1

服务生产端2 需要更改application.properties 文件，server.port=9993 端口改为9993

server.port=9993
spring.application.name=client-9999
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://server1:8881/eureka/,http://server2:8882/eureka/

用maven打jar包，在idea 外，用命令启动

java -jar eureka-ribbon-client2.jar

查看注册中心

访问：http://localhost:9991/loadInstance

负载均衡实现。

珂-瑞

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SpringCloud Eureka集群保证高可用和 Ribbon负载均衡集成实例

一、SpringCloud简介 Spring Cloud是一系列框架的有序集合。它利用Spring Boot的开发便利性巧妙地简化了分布式系统基础设施的开发，如服务发现注册、配置中心、消息总线、负载均衡、断路器、数据监控等，都可以用Spring Boot的开发风格做到一键启动和部署。Spring Cloud并没有重复制造轮子，它只是将目前各家公司开发的比较成熟、经得起实际考验...
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