truncate和delete区别

Truncate table 表名 速度快,而且效率高,因为: 
　　TRUNCATE TABLE 在功能上与不带 WHERE 子句的 DELETE 语句相同：二者均删除表中的全部行。但 TRUNCATE TABLE 比 DELETE 速度快，且使用的系统和事务日志资源少。 
　　DELETE 语句每次删除一行，并在事务日志中为所删除的每行记录一项。TRUNCATE TABLE 通过释放存储表数据所用的数据页来删除数据，并且只在事务日志中记录页的释放。 
　　TRUNCATE TABLE 删除表中的所有行，但表结构及其列、约束、索引等保持不变。新行标识所用的计数值重置为该列的种子。如果想保留标识计数值，请改用 DELETE。如果要删除表定义及其数据，请使用 DROP TABLE 语句。 
　　对于由 FOREIGN KEY 约束引用的表，不能使用 TRUNCATE TABLE，而应使用不带 WHERE 子句的 DELETE 语句。由于 TRUNCATE TABLE 不记录在日志中，所以它不能激活触发器。 
　　TRUNCATE TABLE 不能用于参与了索引视图的表。
　　对用TRUNCATE TABLE删除数据的表上增加数据时，要使用UPDATE STATISTICS来维护索引信息。

root@test 02:01:55>select * from xbb11;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 | xbb  |
|  2 | byh  |
|  3 | xbb  |
|  4 | byh  |
+----+------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@test 02:03:23>create table xbb13 like xbb11;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec)

root@test 02:03:36>insert into xbb13 select * from xbb11;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 4  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

root@test 02:03:49>delete from xbb11;
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)

root@test 02:03:58>show create table xbb11\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: xbb11
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `xbb11` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `col1` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`col1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

root@test 02:04:05>insert into xbb11(col1) values('xbb'),('byh');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

root@test 02:04:17>SELECT * FROM xbb11;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  5 | xbb  |
|  6 | byh  |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

root@test 02:04:26>truncate table xbb13;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

root@test 02:04:36>show create table xbb13;
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                          |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| xbb13 | CREATE TABLE `xbb13` (
  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `col1` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`,`col1`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

root@test 02:04:44>insert into xbb13(col1) values('xbb'),('byh');
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

root@test 02:04:52>SELECT * FROM xbb13;
+----+------+
| id | col1 |
+----+------+
|  1 | xbb  |
|  2 | byh  |
+----+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)