要求:
使用AOP实现计算器功能增强,调用方法时,在对应位置添加日志
步骤:
1.导包:要使用@Aspect、@Before、@AfterReturning、@AfterThrowing等注解,需要导入 aspect包
2.将目标类和切面类放入ioc容器:添加对应的注解,切面类要添加@Aspect,告知容器他是切片类
3.给切面类里面的方法添加注解,告知个方法何时何地切入。
4.在配置文件中开启aop:≶aop:aspectj-autoproxy><aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
切点表达式:
一般形式:execution(访问全限修饰符 返回类型 方法全类名(参数))
通配符:
*:
1.匹配一个或多个字符
2.匹配任意类型
. . :
1.匹配任意个,任意类型参数
2.任意多层路径
参考代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gang"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启aop -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
</beans>
package com.gang.inter;
public interface Calculator {
public int add(int i,int j);
public int sub(int i,int j);
public int mul(int i,int j);
public int div(int i,int j);
}
package com.gang.impl;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.gang.inter.Calculator;
@Service
public class MyCalculator implements Calculator {
@Override
public int add(int i, int j) {
//手动为方法添加日志
//LogUtils.startLog(i,j,"加法");
int result;
result=i+j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int sub(int i, int j) {
int result;
result=i-j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int mul(int i, int j) {
int result;
result=i*j;
return result;
}
@Override
public int div(int i, int j) {
int result;
result=i/j;
return result;
}
}
package com.gang.utils;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.Signature;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Aspect
@Component
public class LogUtils {
@Before("execution(public int com.gang.impl.MyCalculator.*(int, int))")
public static void startLog(JoinPoint joinPoint){
Object[] args=joinPoint.getArgs();
Signature signature = joinPoint.getSignature();
String methodName=signature.getName();
System.out.println("【"+methodName+"】执行开始了,他的参数为【"+Arrays.asList(args)+"】");
}
@AfterReturning(value="execution(public int com.gang.impl.MyCalculator.*(int, int))",returning="result")
public static void endLog(JoinPoint joinPoint,Object result){
System.out.println("【"+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"】执行结束了,他的结果为【"+result+"】");
}
@AfterThrowing(value="execution(public int com.gang.impl.MyCalculator.*(int, int))",throwing="e")
public static void exceptionLog(JoinPoint joinPoint,Exception e){
System.out.println("【"+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"】执行出错了,错误信息为【"+e+"】");
}
@After("execution(public int com.gang.impl.MyCalculator.*(int, int))")
public static void finallyLog(JoinPoint joinPoint){
System.out.println("【"+joinPoint.getSignature().getName()+"】最终执行结束了");
}
}
package com.gang.test;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.gang.impl.MyCalculator;
public class CalculatorTest {
ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
@Test
public void test(){
MyCalculator c=ac.getBean(MyCalculator.class);
c.add(8, 2);
System.out.println("-------------------------------");
c.div(8, 0);
}
}
运行结果:
注意:
通过接口方式实现的aop实质是动态代理,在ioc容器中实际存放的类型是包装类型,所以从ioc容器中的获得时应返回接口类型,因为返回对象实质是包装类。
执行顺序为 :
正常:@Before==》@After==》@AfterReturning
异常:@Before==》@After==》@AfterThrowing