一周学完Java基础，第三天 数组

1.数组的声明与使用

        int[] a = new int[10];
        float[] f= new float[33];
        double[] d = new double[213];
        char[] c = new char[21];
        
        //数组的初始化
        int[] a = {1,2,3};
        int[] b = new int[3]; 
        char[] d = {'a','b','c'};
        
        //数组访问
        int[] a={0,1,2};
        System.out.println("%d %d %d\n",a[0],a[1],a[2]);
        a[0]=5;
        System.out.println("%d %d %d\n",a[0],a[1],a[2]);

2.使用数组完成斐波那契数列

        int n = sc.nextInt();
        int[] f = new int[n+1];
        f[0] = 0;
        f[1] = 1;
        for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
            f[i]=f[i-1]+f[i-2];
        }
        System.out.println(f[n]);

3.多维数组

        int[][] a = new int[3][4];
        int[][][] b = new int[3][4][5];
        int[][] a = {
            {0,1,2,3},
            {4,5,6,7},
            {8,9,10,11},
        };
        
        for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
            for(int j=0;j<4;j++){
                System.out.printf("%d ",a[i][j]);
            }
            System.out.println();
        }

4.常见的API

(1)属性length:返回数组的长度

 int[] arr = new int[5];
 System.out.println(arr.length);

(2)Array.sort()函数:数组顺序排序

        int n = sc.nextInt();
        int[] q = new int[n];
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++) q[i] = sc.nextInt();
        Arrays.sort(q);
        for(int i=0;i<q.length;i++){
            System.out.println(q[i]);
        }
        
        //如果想倒叙排序:必须把int类型改为Integer对象
        int n = sc.nextInt();
        Integer[] q = new Integer[n];
        for(Integer i=0;i<n;i++) q[i] = sc.nextInt();
        Arrays.sort(q,(x,y)->{
            return y-x;
        });
        for(int i=0;i<q.length;i++){
            System.out.println(q[i]);
        }
        
        //二维数组排序:不需要转化为Integer,因为二维数组本身是对象
        int[][] a= {
            {4,5,6,7},
            {0,1,2,3},
            {8,9,10,11},
        };
        Arrays.sort(a,(x,y)->{
            return x[0]-y[0];
        });
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(a));

(3)Arrays.toString()函数:将数组转化为字符串
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(q));

(4)Arrays.deepToString()函数:将多维数组转化为字符串
        System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(q));

(5)Arrays.fill(int[]a,int val)函数:填充数组,只能初始化一维数组

int[] a = new int[10];
Arrays.fill(a,-1);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(a));