在Mac上安装Git和Github使用

一. 安装Git

1. 首先查看电脑上是否安装了Git，终端输入：

git

2. 安装过Git，则会输出：

usage: git [–version] [–help] [-C ] [-c =]
[–exec-path[= ]] [–html-path] [–man-path] [–info-path]
[-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [–no-replace-objects] [–bare]
[–git-dir= ] [–work-tree= ] [–namespace=]
[]

These are common Git commands used in various situations:

start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
clone Clone a repository into a new directory
init Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one

work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
add Add file contents to the index
mv Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state
rm Remove files from the working tree and from the index

examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
bisect Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
grep Print lines matching a pattern
log Show commit logs
show Show various types of objects
status Show the working tree status

grow, mark and tweak your common history
branch List, create, or delete branches
checkout Switch branches or restore working tree files
commit Record changes to the repository
diff Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
merge Join two or more development histories together
rebase Reapply commits on top of another base tip
tag Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG

collaborate (see also: git help workflows)
fetch Download objects and refs from another repository
pull Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
push Update remote refs along with associated objects

‘git help -a’ and ‘git help -g’ list available subcommands and some
concept guides. See 'git help ’ or 'git help ’
to read about a specific subcommand or concept.

3. brew安装Git

brew install git

二. 配置git

1. 配置user.name、user.email：

git config --global user.name "bobo"
git config --global user.email "myemail@163.com"

2. 配置ssh key

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "myemail@163.com"

这里面的邮箱，需要变更为大家自己的邮箱。

3. 本地创建ssh key

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/bobo/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory '/Users/bobo/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /Users/bobo/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/bobo/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

4. 查看

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

5. 登录Github，点击Settings
   点击New SSH key：
   添加：
   
6. 验证效果

ssh -T git@github.com

结果：

Hi bobo! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.

已经正常连接OK了！

三. 本地代码提交至Github

1. Github中创建工程
   

点击Create repository，工程就完成创建了。

3. 将工程clone至本地
   在Github上复制工程地址：
   

在本地终端命令行中执行：

cd /Users/bobo/xcb/git

执行：

git clone git@github.com:bobo/HelloGit.git

结果：

Cloning into 'HelloGit'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 5, done.
remote: Counting objects: 100% (5/5), done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4/4), done.
remote: Total 5 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (5/5), 4.73 KiB | 4.73 MiB/s, done.

这样，工程就被clone到本地了。

3. 本地提交并推送到Github
   打开工程，增加HelloGit.java文件。
   在本地终端命令行中执行下面命令，到工程中：

cd /Users/bobo/xcb/git/HelloGit

再执行命令：

// 添加文件至本地仓库（.表示添加所有文件）
git add .
// 提交文件至本地仓库
git commit -m "first commit, hello git"
// 提交至github
git push

4. 刷新Github工程，已经提交成功