SpringMVC知识点速记-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xcdyd/article/details/137192870

SpirngMVC：基于java实现的MVC模型的轻量级Web框架

一、创建控制器类

1.将它交给spring管理

@Controller

2.定义当前请求的具体方法

3.设置当前方法的访问路径

@RequestMapping（"/save"）

4.设置当前返回类型为String

@ReponseBody

public String save(){

.....

return "springmvc"

}

二、初始化SpringMVC环境

SpringMvcConfig

配置类

@Configuration

@ComponentScan（"com.shhssh"）

三、创建Tomcat的Servelet容器配置类

public class ServletContainerInitConfig extends AbstractDispatcherServletInitializer {

    //创建SpringMvc容器
    protected WebApplicationContext createServletApplicationContext() {

     //   ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
        //加载配置文件，创建SpringMvc容器
        AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
        ctx.register(SpringMvcConfig.class);
        return ctx;
    }

    //设置哪些请求交给SpringMvc处理
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};//所有的请求

    }

    //创建Spring容器
    protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext() {
        return null;
    }

请求与响应

一、请求路径与方式

@RequestMapping（）在类中加入路径方法中加入请求路径

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @RequestMapping("/save")
    @ResponseBody
    public String save(){
        System.out.println("user save ...");
        return "{'module':'user save'}";
    }
}

二.参数-常规类型+日期类型+文件类型

普通类型

  @RequestMapping("/commonParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String commonParam(@RequestParam("name") String username, Integer age){
        //@RequestParam("name") 绑定前端传入的参数
        System.out.println("username:"+username);
        System.out.println("age:"+age);
        return "commonParam";
    }

POJOl类型

   @RequestMapping("/pojoParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoParam(User user){

        System.out.println(user);
        return "pojoParam";
    }

嵌套POJO类型

private String name;
private Integer age;
private Address address;

public class Address {
    private String province;
    private String city;

}

  @RequestMapping("/pojoContainPojoParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoContainPojoParam(User user){
        System.out.println(user);
        return "pojoContainPojoParam";
    }

数组类型

@RequestMapping("/arrayParam")
@ResponseBody
public String arrayParam(String[] likes){
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(likes));
    return "arrayParam";
}

List集合类型

//@RequestParam 告诉前端的数据直接放入likes中而不是实例化

  @RequestMapping("listParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String listParam(@RequestParam List<String> likes){
        //@RequestParam 告诉前端的数据直接放入likes中而不是实例化
        System.out.println(likes);
        return "listParam";
    }

Map类型

   @RequestMapping("mapParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String mapParam(@RequestParam Map<String,String> maps){
        System.out.println(maps);
        return "mapParam";
    }

}

日期类型

默认方式2024/3/21

在SprinMvcConfig配置类前

@EnableWebMvc

开启SpingMVC的辅助功能

@DataTimeFormat(pattern = ''yyyy-MM-dd'')

@Controller
public class DateController {

    @RequestMapping("/dateParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String dateParam(Date date,@DateTimeFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd") Date date2){
        System.out.println(date);
        System.out.println(date2);
        return "dateParam";
    }
}

文件类型参数

前端提供文件上传的功能，需要书写文件上传接口

1、引入依赖包:


<!--添加fileupload依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</ groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.3</version>
</dependency>

2、配置multipartResolver解析器

在SpringMvcConfig配置类中书写

@Bean( "multipartResolver")
public commonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver (){
CommonsMultipartResolver resolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
resolver.setDefaultEncoding( "UTF-8"); //设置编码
resolver.setMaxUploadsize(1024*1024); //限制最大文件大小

return resolver;
}

3.书写文件类型控制器

@Controller
public class FileController {

    @RequestMapping("fileParam")
    @ResponseBody
    public String fileParam(MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        if(!file.isEmpty()){
            //自定义文件
            File file1 = new File("D://test.txt");
            file.transferTo(file1);
        }

        return "fileParam";
    }
}

Json类型（重点）

先导包

<dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.0</version>
        </dependency>

在传参前面加入@RequestBody 表示请求

@Controller
public class JsonController {

    
    @RequestMapping("/pojoParamForJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoParamForJson(@RequestBody User user){
        System.out.println(user);
        return "pojoParamForJson";
    }

    
    @RequestMapping("/arrayParamForJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String arrayParamForJson(@RequestBody String[] list){
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(list));
        return "arrayParamForJson";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/pojoArrayParamForJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public String pojoArrayParamForJson(@RequestBody List<User> list){
        System.out.println(list);
        return "pojoArrayParamForJson";
    }
}

中文乱码问题

在pom.xml tmocat依赖中加入

<uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>

post 需要再加一个配置

zaiServerletContainerConfig配置类中书写处理编码deFilters

@Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {
        CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        return new Filter[]{characterEncodingFilter};
    }

响应处理结果

ResponseController  返回数据测试控制器

加入ReponseBody就将会直接将page.jsp当字符串返回前端

@Controller
public class ResponseController {

    //返回页面
    @RequestMapping("/toPage")
    public String toPage(){
        System.out.println("toPage");
        return "pages.jsp";
    }

    //返回文本
    @RequestMapping("/toText")
    @ResponseBody
    public String toText(){
        System.out.println("toText");
        return "pages.jsp";
    }

    //返回JSON数据
    @RequestMapping("/toJson")
    @ResponseBody
    public User toJson(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("itcast");
        user.setAge(13);
        Address address = new Address();
        address.setProvince("shanghai");
        address.setCity("shanghai");
        user.setAddress(address);
        return user;
    }


    @RequestMapping("/toJsonArray")
    @ResponseBody
    public List<User> toJsonArray(){

        List<User> list= new ArrayList<User>();
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("itcast");
        user.setAge(13);
        Address address = new Address();
        address.setProvince("shanghai");
        address.setCity("shanghai");
        user.setAddress(address);


        User user2 = new User();
        user2.setName("itcast");
        user2.setAge(13);
        Address address2 = new Address();
        address2.setProvince("shanghai");
        address2.setCity("shanghai");
        user2.setAddress(address2);

        list.add(user);
        list.add(user2);
        return list;
    }
}

类型转换器：根据类型匹配的类型转换器