java 反射机制

反射，在运行状态中，对于任意一个类，都能够知道这个类的所有属性和方法；对于任意一个对象，都能够调用它的任意一个方法和属性；这种动态获取的信息以及动态调用对象的方法的功能称为java语言的反射机制。

public class Flection {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    Class<Book> clazz = Book.class;
    Constructor<Book> constructor = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor();
    // true的值表示反射对象应该在使用时抑制Java语言访问检查
    constructor.setAccessible(true);
    System.out.println("反射实例化私有构造器");
    Book book = constructor.newInstance();
    System.out.println(book);

    System.out.println("反射执行私有方法");
    // 反射获取方法
    Method method = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("read");
    // 取消对方法的访问控制
    method.setAccessible(true);
    // 调用私有方法
    method.invoke(book);

    // 查询所有public属性
    Field[] fields = clazz.getFields();
    // 查询所有访问控制类型的属性，但包括集成的属性
    Field[] fields1 = clazz.getDeclaredFields();
    System.out.println(fields.length + "\n" + fields1.length);
    // 反射获取属性值
    System.out.println("public Field:" + fields[0].getName() + " = " + fields[0].getInt(book));
    // 反射改变属性值
    fields[0].setInt(book, 12345);
    System.out.println(book.i);
  }
}


class Book {

  private String name = "java";
  public int i = 0;
  protected int a = 1;
  int b = 2;

  private Book() {
    System.out.println("私有构造器");
  }

  private void read() {
    System.out.println("read book");
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "Book{" + "name='" + name + '\'' + ", i=" + i + ", a=" + a + ", b=" + b + '}';
  }
}

通过反射批量执行类的方法

public void beansTest() throws Exception {
    String list = "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.dto.CardInfoDto,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.dto.CardInfoListDto,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.dto.OpenRecordDto,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.dto.UserDto,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.bo.AlarmEventBO,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.bo.AlarmEventInfo,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.bo.BaseBO,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.bo.DeviceBO,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.bo.GroupBO,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.AlarmEvent,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.AlarmRecord,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.AuthCredence,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.DeviceAuth,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.DeviceAuthGroupRelation,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.DeviceGroup,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.DeviceGroupMapping,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.InformationRecord,"
        + "com.eg.egsc.scp.accesscontrolcomponent.entity.OpenRecord";
    String[] split = list.split(",");
    for (int i = 0, size = split.length; i < size; i++) {
      Class c = Class.forName(split[i]);
      invokeMethod(c);
    }

  }

  /**
   * 调用方法
   * 
   * @param c 类class
   * @throws Exception void
   */
  public static void invokeMethod(Class c) throws Exception {
    // 获得类的所有方法
    Method[] methods = c.getDeclaredMethods();
    // 加载类实例
    Object obt = Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();
    for (Method method : methods) {
      // 获取所有参数类型
      Class<?>[] classes = method.getParameterTypes();
      Object arg = null;
      if (classes.length > 0) {
        // 有参数
        for (Class<?> classzz : classes) {
          String name = classzz.getName();
          if (name.equals("int")) {
            arg = 1;
          } else if (name.equals("java.util.List")) {
            arg = new ArrayList<>();
          } else if (name.equals("java.util.Date")) {
            arg = new Date();
          } else if (name.equals("short")) {
            arg = (short) 1;
          } else if (name.equals("[Ljava.lang.Integer;")) {
            arg = new Integer[1];
          } else if (name.equals("java.lang.Integer")) {
            arg = 1;
          } else if (name.equals("float")) {
            arg = 10.1f;
          } else if (name.equals("java.lang.String")) {
            arg = "";
          } else if (name.equals("java.lang.Object")) {
            arg = new Object();
          } else if (name.equals("java.lang.Short")) {
            arg = (short) 1;
          } else {
            arg = null;
          }
          System.out.println(classzz.getName());
          MethodUtils.invokeMethod(obt, method.getName(), arg);
        }
      } else if (!"$jacocoInit".equals(method.getName())) {
        // 无参
        MethodUtils.invokeMethod(obt, method.getName(), null);
      }
    }
  }
}