Java GUI

Swing & AWT

GUI的核心技术：Swing AWT
界面不美观
需要jre环境
MVC架构，了解监听

AWT

介绍

1.  包含了很多类和接口 GUI：图形用户界面编程
2. 元素：窗口 按钮 文本框

Frame

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFrame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("first java frame");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setSize(400,400);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(37, 82, 208));
        frame.setLocation(200,200);
        frame.setResizable(false);
    }
}

import java.awt.*;


public class TestFrame2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyFrame myFrame1 = new MyFrame(100,100,200,200,Color.blue);
        MyFrame myFrame2 = new MyFrame(300,100,200,200,Color.orange);
        MyFrame myFrame3 = new MyFrame(100,300,200,200,Color.red);
        MyFrame myFrame4 = new MyFrame(300,300,200,200,Color.YELLOW);
    }
}

class MyFrame extends Frame{
    static int id =0;
    public MyFrame(int x,int y,int w,int h,Color color){
        super("MyFrame"+(++id));
        setBackground(color);
        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(x,y,w,h);
    }
}

面板

可以看成一个面板空间

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TestFrame3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Panel panel = new Panel();
        frame.setLayout(null);
        frame.setBounds(300, 300, 500, 500);
        frame.setBackground(new Color(26, 163, 198));
        panel.setBounds(50, 50, 400, 400);
        panel.setBackground(new Color(199, 20, 20));
        frame.add(panel);
        frame.setVisible(true);
//        监听事件 ， 监听窗口关闭事件 System.exit(0)
//        适配器模式 ：
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}

布局

• FlowLayout

import java.awt.*;

public class TestFlowLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();

        Button button1 = new Button("button1");
        Button button2 = new Button("button2");
        Button button3 = new Button("button3");
        frame.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT));
        frame.setSize(200,200);

        frame.add(button1);
        frame.add(button2);
        frame.add(button3);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

• BorderLayout

public class TestBorderLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button east = new Button("East");
        Button west = new Button("West");
        Button south  = new Button("South");
        Button north  = new Button("North");
        Button center  = new Button("Center");

        frame.add(east,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.add(west,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(south,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        frame.add(north,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        frame.add(center,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        frame.setSize(200,200);
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

• GridLayout

public class TestGridLayout {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button btn1 = new Button("btn1");
        Button btn2 = new Button("btn2");
        Button btn3  = new Button("btn3");
        Button btn4  = new Button("btn4");
        Button btn5  = new Button("btn5");
        Button btn6  = new Button("btn6");

        frame.setLayout(new GridLayout(3,2));
        frame.add(btn1);
        frame.add(btn2);
        frame.add(btn3);
        frame.add(btn4);
        frame.add(btn5);
        frame.add(btn6);
//        自动适配 
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

多种布局能在panel与frame中套娃（严禁套娃 (ಡωಡ)）

监听

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;

public class TextActionEvent {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame();
        Button button = new Button();
        MyActionListener myActionListener = new MyActionListener();
        button.addActionListener(myActionListener);
        frame.add(button);
        frame.setVisible(true);
        windowClose(frame);
    }
    private static void windowClose(Frame frame){
        frame.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                System.exit(0);
            }
        });
    }
}
//事件监听
class MyActionListener implements ActionListener {

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        System.out.println("aaa");
    }
}

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

public class TestActionTwo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Frame frame = new Frame("开始-停止");
        Button button1 = new Button("start");
        Button button2 = new Button("end");
        // 可以显示的定义返回的命令 如果不定义 走默认的值
        // 多个按钮只写一个监听类
        button2.setActionCommand("button-stop");
        button1.addActionListener(new MyMointor());
        button2.addActionListener(new MyMointor());
        frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        frame.add(button1,BorderLayout.WEST);
        frame.add(button2,BorderLayout.EAST);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
    }
}

class MyMointor implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        //e.getActionCommand() 获得按钮的信息
        System.out.println("按钮被点击"+e.getActionCommand());
        if (e.getActionCommand().equals("start")){

        }
    }
}

输入框TextField

public class TestText01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame2();
    }

}

class MyFrame2 extends Frame{
    public MyFrame2(){
        TextField textField = new TextField();
        add(textField);
        MyActionListener2 myActionListener2 = new MyActionListener2();
        //按下Enter 就会触发TextField的事件
        textField.addActionListener(myActionListener2);
        //设置替换编码
        textField.setEchoChar('*');
        setVisible(true);
        pack();
    }
}
class MyActionListener2 implements ActionListener{

    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        TextField field = (TextField) e.getSource();
        System.out.println(field.getText());
        field.setText("");
    }
}

实例1：简单计算机

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    public Calculator(){
        // 3个文本框
        TextField num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        TextField num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        // 1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1,num2,num3));
        // 1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private TextField num1,num2,num3;

    public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2 , TextField num3){
        this.num1=num1;
        this.num2=num2;
        this.num3=num3;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

        num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        num1.setText("");
        num2.setText("");
    }
}

组合型写法，更加面向对象

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
    }
    public Calculator(){
        // 3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        // 1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(this));
        // 1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
    //获取三个变量
    private Calculator calculator= null;

    public MyCalculatorListener(Calculator calculator){
        this.calculator = calculator;
    }
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        int n1 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num1.getText());
        int n2 = Integer.parseInt(calculator.num2.getText());

        calculator.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
        calculator.num1.setText("");
        calculator.num2.setText("");
    }
}

使用内部类 畅通无阻的访问内部属性

public class TestCalc {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Calculator().loadFrame();
    }
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
    TextField num1,num2,num3;
    public void loadFrame(){
    }
    public Calculator(){
        // 3个文本框
        num1 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num2 = new TextField(10);//字符数
        num3 = new TextField(20);//字符数
        // 1 个按钮
        Button button = new Button("=");
        button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener());
        // 1 个标签
        Label label = new Label("+");

        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(num1);
        add(label);
        add(num2);
        add(button);
        add(num3);
        pack();
        setVisible(true);
    }
    //监听器类 的一个内部类
    private class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
        //获取三个变量
        private Calculator calculator= null;

        @Override
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
            int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());

            num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
            num1.setText("");
            num2.setText("");
        }
    }
}

画笔

public class TestPaint {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyPaint().loadFrame();
    }
}
class MyPaint extends Frame{
    public void loadFrame(){
        setBounds(200,200,600,500);
        setVisible(true);
    }
    @Override
    public void paint(Graphics g){
        super.paint(g);
        g.setColor(Color.blue);
        g.fillOval(100,100,100,100);
        g.setColor(Color.red);
        g.fillRect(150,200,200,200);
    }
}

鼠标 监听

public class TestMouseListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyFrame3("画图");
    }
}
class MyFrame3 extends Frame{
    ArrayList points;
    public MyFrame3(String title){
        super(title);
        setBounds(200,200,400,300);
        //存鼠标的点
        points = new ArrayList<>();
        this.addMouseListener(new MyMOuseListener());
        setVisible(true);
    }

    public void paint(Graphics g){
        Iterator iterator = points.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()){
            Point point = (Point) iterator.next();
            g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
            g.fillOval(point.x,point.y,10,10);
        }
    }
    public void addPaint(Point point){
        points.add(point);
    }

    private class MyMOuseListener extends MouseAdapter{
        @Override
        public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
            MyFrame3 frame = (MyFrame3) e.getSource();
            System.out.println("画了一次");
//          在点击时 在界面上产生一个点
//            这个点就是鼠标的点
            addPaint(new Point(e.getX(),e.getY()));
            frame.repaint();//重画
        }
    }
}

窗口 监听

public class TestWindow {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new WindowFrame();
    }


}
class WindowFrame extends Frame{
    public WindowFrame() {
        setBackground(Color.blue);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        setVisible(true);
//        addWindowListener(new MyWindowListener());
        this.addWindowListener(

                new WindowAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("you click exit");
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) {
                        System.out.println("active");
                    }
                }
        );
    }
    //下面代码可由上方的匿名内部类代替
    class MyWindowListener extends WindowAdapter{
        @Override
        public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            System.exit(0);//正常退出
            setVisible(false);//隐藏窗口
        }
    }
}

键盘 监听

public class TestKeyListener {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new KeyFrame();
    }
}

class KeyFrame extends Frame {
    public KeyFrame() {
        setBounds(1, 2, 300, 400);
        setVisible(true);
        this.addKeyListener(
                new KeyAdapter() {
                    @Override
                    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
                        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();
                        System.out.println(keyCode);
                        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP){
                            System.out.println("你按了上键");
                        }
                    }
                }
        );
    }
}

Swing

JFrame实例

public class JFrameDemo {
    public void init(){
        JFrame frame = new JFrame("first");
        frame.setVisible(true);
        frame.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        JLabel label = new JLabel("welcome");
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);
        frame.add(label);
        //容器实例化

        //关闭事件
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JFrameDemo().init();
    }
}

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJframe().init();
    }
}
class MyJframe extends JFrame{
    public void init(){
        this.setBounds(100,100,200,200);
        this.setVisible(true);
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(Color.BLUE);
    }
}

对话窗

自动带有关闭退出 无须再写

public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {
    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setSize(700, 500);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        container.setLayout(null);
        JButton button = new JButton("对话框");
        button.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
        button.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                new MyDialogDemo();
            }
        });
        container.add(button);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

class MyDialogDemo extends JDialog {
    public MyDialogDemo() {
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(null);
    }
}

标签

标签中可以加入图片 文件等

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame{
    public ImageIconDemo() {
        JLabel label = new JLabel("ImageIcon");
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("蕾姆-大背景.jpeg");
        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        label.setIcon(imageIcon);
        label.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(label);
        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(100,100,200,200);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

JScroll 文本域

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = getContentPane();
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20,50);
        jTextArea.setText("welcome");

        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        container.add(jScrollPane);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

图片按钮

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        URL resource = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("蕾姆-大背景.jpeg");
        Icon icon = new ImageIcon(resource);

        JButton button = new JButton();
        button.setIcon(icon);
        button.setToolTipText("蕾姆赛高！");

        container.add(button);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

单选框

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("button1");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("button2");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("button3");
        //单选框只能选择一个，分组,一组只能选择一个
//        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
//        buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);
//        buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);
//        buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);

        container.add(radioButton1,BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

复选框

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JCheckBox checkBox1 = new JCheckBox("box1");
        JCheckBox checkBox2 = new JCheckBox("box2");
        container.add(checkBox1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(checkBox2,BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

下拉框与列表

下拉框：简单介绍（静态）
列表：展示信息（动态）

public class TestComboBoxDemo1 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboBoxDemo1() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JComboBox status = new JComboBox();
        status.addItem(null);
        status.addItem("正在热映");
        status.addItem("已下架");
        status.addItem("即将上映");

        String []contents ={"1","2","3"};
        JList jList = new JList(contents);
        container.add(status);
        container.add(jList);
        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboBoxDemo1();
    }
}

文字框与密码框

public class TestTextDemo1 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo1() throws HeadlessException {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        JTextField textField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField textField2 = new JTextField("world",20);

        JPasswordField jPasswordField = new JPasswordField();
        jPasswordField.setEchoChar('*');
        container.add(jPasswordField,BorderLayout.CENTER);


        container.add(textField1,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        container.add(textField2,BorderLayout.NORTH);

        setVisible(true);
        setSize(500,500);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo1();
    }
}