vim实用技巧(practical vim)阅读记录

practical vim

significant

1. act, repeat & reverse
2. operator{motion}
3. “a @a
4. :g//p

vim way

Tip	Command	Meaning
1	. u	repeat & reverse miniature macro
2	j. CSIAO	repeat among lines combined commands
3	f+ s ;.	make the motion repeatable
4	… uuu ;;; ,,, nnn NNN	act, repeat & reverse
5	cw n. n. #	find and replace by hand
6	j. ;. n.	one keystroke to move, one to execute

modes

normal mode

Tip	Command	Meaning
7	normal mode	natural resting state a new perspective to texts
8	<Esc>o	chunk your undos
9	daw	make your change repeatable
10	<C-a> <C-x>	add minus
11	dw.	rather than d2w, don’t count if you can repeat
12	operator{motion}	operator + motion = action operator:d, c, y, g[~|u|U], >, <, =, ! motion: iw aw s p $ G

insert mode

Tip	Command	Meaning
13	<C-h> <C-w> <C-u>	delete back
14	<Esc> <C-o>	go back to normal mode & insert-normal mode
15	<C-r>0	paste from register
16	<C-r>=6*35	simple calculation
17	<C-v>u1234 ga	ascii & unicode find unicode
18	<C-k>?I	digraph for unicode
19	R	replace mode

visual mode

Tip	Command	Meaning
20	viw	rather than select mode
21	vV<C-v> ebo	end, before, other
22	Vj >.	repeat line wise
23	vitU gUit	character-wise visual may be strange when ., try normal command
24	<C-v>r-	tabular data
25	<C-v>c	change columns of text
26	<C-v>A	A & I in visual block mode

command line mode

Tip	Command	Meaning
27	delete yank put copy move join normal substitute global	executed across many lines
28	1 $ 0 . ‘m ‘< ‘> %	different address
29	:6t. :6m.	copy or move lines, do not use register
30	:’<,’>normal A;	ex+normal=powerful
31	:bnext @: <C-o>	repeat last :bnext & reverse
32	<C-d> <Tab> <S-Tab>	ex completions
33	<C-r><C-w>	insert current word to ex
34	<Up> <Down> q: q/ <C-f>	recall from history
35	:!ls :!echo % :shell exit <C-z> fg :read :write :[range]!{cmd}	execute in shell & back stdout stdin filter
36	:source batch.vim	run multiple ex command

files

multiple files

Tip	Command	Meaning
37	:bn :bp :b 1:bufdo :bd	buffer: in-memory representation of a file
38	:args :argdo :next :prev	argument list: group buffers into a collection
39	set hidden	dirty buffer must hidden
40	:sp :vs :clo :on mouse	manage windows
41	:tabe <C-w>T :tabc :tabo gt gT :tabm	manage tabs: virtual desktops

file open & save

Tip	Command	Meaning
42	:e %:h<Tab>	expand filepath
43	:find main.cpp	find in filepath
44	:e .	explore file system
45	:!mkdir -p %:h	save files to nonexistent directories
46	:w !sudo tee % > /dev/null	write as sudo tee

getting around

motions inside files

Tip	Command	Meaning
47	hjkl	basic move
48	gj gk g0 g$	act on display lines
49	w b e ge W B E gE	move word and WORD wise
50	fx ;;; ,	find more rarer characters
51	/ta n N v /ta d d/ta	search to navigate
52	i ) } ] > ’ ” ` t	delimited text objects
53	ciw W s p daw W s p	bounded text objects: delete around, change inside
54	m{a-zA-Z} `{mark} ‘{mark} “ . ^ [ ] < >	manual and automatic
55	%	jump between parentheses

jumps between files

Tip	Command	Meaning
56	<C-i> <C-o>	jump list
57	g; g, `. `^	change list
58	gf	path + filename + suffix
59	mM `M	set global mark before diving

registers

copy & paste

Tip	Command	Meaning
60	fx xp dd p	swap next two characters lines
61	“ayiw “ap “_ “+ “*	use named registers
62	ve p de mm ww ve p `m P	replace visual selection swap two words
63	<C-r>0 gP	paste fom register
64	:paste ”+p	use system clipboard

macros

Tip	Command	Meaning
65	qa @a	record and play back macro
66	100@a	macro abort as feature
67	qq;.q 22@q	macro with dot
68	VG :normal @a	play back parallel
69	qA	append to register a
70	:argdo normal @a	act upon files
71	:let i=0 :let i+=1	for i = 0 … n
72	:put a 0”ay$dd	edit macros

patterns

matching

Tip	Command	Meaning
73	ignorecase smartcase \c \C	smart: case sensitive when include upper
74	\v#(\x{6})	switch to regex search
75	\Va.k.a	switch to verbatim text
76	\v()	use parentheses to capture submatches
77	\v<>	word boundaries
78	\zs\ze	stake actually match
79	escape(@*, getcmdtype().’\’)	escape problem characters

search

Tip	Command	Meaning
80	/ ? * # n N	’s next are prev
81	:noh	mute hightlighting
82	:incsearch	live preview search result
83	//e	use search offset to end
84	gUgn	operate on match
85	\v’(([^’]|’\w)+)’	iterating upon search history
86	:vimgrep //g %	count current pattern
87	xnoremap *	search on select

substitution

Tip	Command	Meaning
88	g c n & e	substitute flag
89	:%s///g	% and g
90	:%s///gc	confirmation mode
91	/ :s	use search pattern
92	:%s//\=@0/g	use register @/ and @0
93	:&&	repeat previous subtitute
94	:%s//\3,\2,\1	rearrange fields
95	submatch(0)-1	minus on replace
96	:let swapper={“dog”:”man”,”man”:”dog”}	swap two words
97	:cfdo %s//Practical/gc	replace accross multiple files

global

Tip	Command	Meaning
98	:[range] global[!] /{pattern}/ [cmd]	global command
99	:g//p :v//p	print match/unmatch
100	:g/TODO/yank A	append TODO to register a
101	:g/{/ .+1,/}/-1 sort	sort css properties