SQL-从一个表中查找另一个表中不存在的记录

本文翻译自：SQL - find records from one table which don't exist in another

I've got the following two SQL tables (in MySQL): 我有以下两个SQL表（在MySQL中）：

Phone_book
+----+------+--------------+
| id | name | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 1  | John | 111111111111 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 2  | Jane | 222222222222 |
+----+------+--------------+

Call
+----+------+--------------+
| id | date | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 1  | 0945 | 111111111111 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 2  | 0950 | 222222222222 |
+----+------+--------------+
| 3  | 1045 | 333333333333 |
+----+------+--------------+

How do I find out which calls were made by people whose phone_number is not in the Phone_book ? 如何找出哪些电话是由人，他们做出phone_number是不是在Phone_book ？ The desired output would be: 所需的输出将是：

Call
+----+------+--------------+
| id | date | phone_number |
+----+------+--------------+
| 3  | 1045 | 333333333333 |
+----+------+--------------+

Any help would be much appreciated. 任何帮助将非常感激。

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#1楼

参考：https://stackoom.com/question/1xHh/SQL-从一个表中查找另一个表中不存在的记录

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#2楼

SELECT DISTINCT Call.id 
FROM Call 
LEFT OUTER JOIN Phone_book USING (id) 
WHERE Phone_book.id IS NULL

This will return the extra id-s that are missing in your Phone_book table. 这将返回Phone_book表中缺少的额外ID。

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#3楼

SELECT t1.ColumnID,
CASE 
    WHEN NOT EXISTS( SELECT t2.FieldText  
                     FROM Table t2 
                     WHERE t2.ColumnID = t1.ColumnID) 
    THEN t1.FieldText
    ELSE t2.FieldText
END FieldText       
FROM Table1 t1, Table2 t2

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#4楼

SELECT name, phone_number FROM Call a
WHERE a.phone_number NOT IN (SELECT b.phone_number FROM Phone_book b)

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#5楼

There's several different ways of doing this, with varying efficiency, depending on how good your query optimiser is, and the relative size of your two tables: 有几种不同的方法可以执行此操作，效率各不相同，具体取决于查询优化器的性能以及两个表的相对大小：

This is the shortest statement, and may be quickest if your phone book is very short: 这是最简短的陈述，如果您的电话簿很短，则可能是最快的陈述：

SELECT  *
FROM    Call
WHERE   phone_number NOT IN (SELECT phone_number FROM Phone_book)

alternatively (thanks to Alterlife ) 或者（由于Alterlife ）

SELECT *
FROM   Call
WHERE  NOT EXISTS
  (SELECT *
   FROM   Phone_book
   WHERE  Phone_book.phone_number = Call.phone_number)

or (thanks to WOPR) 或（感谢WOPR）

SELECT * 
FROM   Call
LEFT OUTER JOIN Phone_Book
  ON (Call.phone_number = Phone_book.phone_number)
  WHERE Phone_book.phone_number IS NULL

(ignoring that, as others have said, it's normally best to select just the columns you want, not ' * ') （如其他人所说，忽略它通常最好只选择想要的列，而不是' * '）

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#6楼

The code below would be a bit more efficient than the answers presented above when dealing with larger datasets. 当处理较大的数据集时，下面的代码将比上面给出的答案更有效。

SELECT * FROM Call WHERE 
NOT EXISTS (SELECT 'x' FROM Phone_book where 
Phone_book.phone_number = Call.phone_number)