一.环境搭建
- 在昨天学习maven的基础上在pom.xml文件中导入struts的依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.13</version>
</dependency>
- 修改web.xml由2.3至3.1
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
- 在resources中导入配置文件
默认只有一个struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!-- Struts框架自带的核心类的配置 -->
<include file="struts-default.xml"></include>
<!-- 配置Struts的全局设置 -->
<include file="struts-base.xml"></include>
<!-- 将系统开发的每个模块分门别类,便于模块的action寻找 -->
<include file="struts-sy.xml"></include>
</struts>
- 在web.xml中配置过滤器,基本工作就完成了
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
二.入门的三个学习方向
1.动态方法的调动
1.1 写一个控制器,UserAction 继承 ActionSupport
package com.xfz.one;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class UserAction extends ActionSupport{
public String list() {
System.out.println("查询所有"+SUCCESS);
return SUCCESS;
}
public String add() {
System.out.println("增加");
return SUCCESS;
}
public String del() {
System.out.println("删除");
return SUCCESS;
}
public String edit() {
System.out.println("修改");
return SUCCESS;
}
}
1.2 然后配置struts-sy.xml 文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.5//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.5.dtd">
<struts>
<!--
相对于mvc的差异性
package:用来将一类子控制器进行分类
http://localhost:8080/web_struts/sy/user_add.action
这个地址中/sy对应的namespace="/sy"
extends:包的继承
*的含义:代表任意方法,只要前台浏览器匹配/user_*这一个,那么user_add中,*代表了add
-->
<package name="sy" extends="base" namespace="/sy">
<action name="/user_*" class="com.xfz.one.UserAction" method="{1}">
<result name="success">/test.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
1.3 最后写一个jsp页面看是否能够调用
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
动态方法调动成功
</body>
</html>
调用结果:
2. jsp传值到后台的三种方式
2.1 set传参
2.2 实现modeldriven接口传参(自定义mvc的做法)
2.3 类实例.属性传参
建一个实体类(DemoAction)放参数进行三种方式的测试
package com.xfz.one.web;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.xfz.one.entity.User;
/**
* @author ld
* 讲解的是传参
* jsp传递参数到后台的是那种方式
* 1. set传参
* 2. 实现modeldriven接口传参(自定义mvc的做法)
* 3. 类实例.属性传参
*/
public class DemoAction implements ModelDriven<User>{
private String sex;
private User user1=new User();
private User user2;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
/**
* @return
* set传参是否成功
*/
public String test1() {
System.out.println(sex);
return "rs";
}
/**
* @return
* modeldriven接口传参
*/
public String test2() {
System.out.println(user1);
return "rs";
}
/**
* @return
* 类实例.属性传参
*/
public String test3() {
System.out.println(user2);
return "rs";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
return user1;
}
}
然后在struts-sy.xml中进行配置
<action name="demo_*" class="com.xfz.one.web.DemoAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
最后写一个jsp页面经行测试
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<h3>讲解传参的是三种方式</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_test1.action?sex=nv">测试1</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_test2.action?uname=zs&&pwd=123">测试2</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/demo_test3.action?user2.uname=zs&&user2.pwd=1234">测试3</a>
</body>
</html>
测试结果:
3.后台传值到jsp的方式(struts与tomcat的集成)
3.1 注入(直接实现ServletRequestAware接口,通过req存放)
耦合 使用
解耦
3.2 非注入(在方法中通过ServletActionContext.getRequest(),实例req来存放)
耦合 使用
解耦
同样也是先写一个实体类(TomcatAction)
package com.xfz.one.web;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;
import com.xfz.one.entity.User;
/**
* @author ld
* 讲解struts与Tomcat容器交互(讲后台数据传到jsp)
* 1. 注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* 2. 非注入
* 耦合 使用
* 解耦
* 上面是为了获取request对象
* 1. 传参可以使用request对象进行传参
* 2. struts特有的传参方式叫做值栈传参
* 换个说法是,只要该action有get方法,那么他就能在结果集中获取参数值
*/
public class TomcatAction implements ModelDriven<User>,ServletRequestAware/*RequestAware*/{
//注入耦合
private HttpServletRequest req;
private String sex;
private User user1=new User();
private User user2;
public String getSex() {
return sex;
}
public void setSex(String sex) {
this.sex = sex;
}
public User getUser2() {
return user2;
}
public void setUser2(User user2) {
this.user2 = user2;
}
/**
* @return
* mvc:
* HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse rep
*/
public String demo() {
//非注入耦合
// HttpServletRequest req=ServletActionContext.getRequest();
// req.setAttribute("rs", "测试非注入耦合方式");
// req.setAttribute("rs", "测试注入耦合方式");
//非注入解耦
ActionContext context=ActionContext.getContext();
HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest) context.get("request的全路径名");
return "rs";
}
@Override
public User getModel() {
return user1;
}
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.req=request;
}
// @Override
// public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {
// this.req=(HttpServletRequest) request.get("request的全路径名");
// }
}
然后在struts-sy.xml中配置
<action name="tomcat_*" class="com.xfz.one.web.TomcatAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
最后在jsp页面中经行测试
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<h3>讲解strtus与Tomcat服务器交互</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/tomcat_demo.action">测试4</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/tomcat_demo.action?sex=nan">测试5</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/tomcat_demo.action?uname=zs&&pwd=123">测试6</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/sy/tomcat_demo.action?user2.uname=ls&&user2.pwd=1234">测试7</a>
</body>
</html>
测试结果: