LVM_lvextend提示command not found-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xgq2017/article/details/78453134

1.lvm管理设备，使设备的大小根据需要变化
pv:物理卷
pe:物理拓展分区
vg:物理卷组
lvm:逻辑卷

2.lvm的建立
（1）

划分物理分区，并修改分区标签为1vm（lvm类型id为8e）
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pvcreate /dev/vdb1             ## 创建物理卷
vgcreate vg0 /dev/vdb1         ##创建物理卷组
lvcreate -L 100M -n lv0 vg0    ##创建逻辑卷
mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0          ##格式化设备
mount /dev/vg0/lv0  /westos    ##设备挂载投入使用

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[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb1
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /westos
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 777 /westos
[root@localhost ~]# ls -ld /westos
drwxrwxrwx. 2 root root 6 Nov  4 21:47 /westos
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/vdb1
  Volume group "vg0" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 100M -n lv0 vg0
  Logical volume "lv0" created
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/vg0/lv0           isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=6400 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=25600, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=853, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg0/lv0 /westos

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监控：watch -n 1 ‘pvs;echo +++++++;vgs;echo ++++++;lvs;echo ======;df -h /westos’

Every 1.0s: pvs;echo +++++++;vgs;echo ++++++;lvs;echo ======;df -h ...  Sat Nov  4 22:10:56 2017

  PV         VG   Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
  /dev/vdb1  vg0  lvm2 a--  496.00m      0
  /dev/vdb2  vg0  lvm2 a--  496.00m 292.00m
+++++++
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
  vg0    2   1   0 wz--n- 992.00m 292.00m
++++++
  LV   VG   Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
##### lv0  vg0  -wi-ao---- 700.00m
======
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0  697M  6.0M  691M   1% /westos

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(2)

pvcreate  /dev/vdb1                   
vgcreate -s 4M westos /dev/vdb1         ##生成一个物理拓展分区大小为4M，物理卷组westos为4M
lvcreate -l 50  -n lv0 westos           ##逻辑卷组为200M

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3.lvm的拉深
当vg中剩余容量充足的时候

lvextend -L 400M /dev/vg0/lv0    ##将设备从100M拉深为400M
xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0          ##将文件系统拉深

[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 400M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Extending logical volume lv0 to 400.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0    isize=256    agcount=4, agsize=6400 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=25600, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=853, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 25600 to 102400

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当vg中剩余容量不足的时候
新建分区/dev/vdb2，改标签为lvm
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pvcreate /dev/vdb2                 ##将/dev/vdb2添加到pv中
vgextend vg0 /dev/vdb2             ##将/dev/vdb2添加到vg0中
lvextend -L 700M /dev/vg0/lv0      ##将/dev/vg0/lv0设备拉深到700M
xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0            ##拉深文件系统

[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb2
  Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# vgectend  vg0 /dev/vdb2
bash: vgectend: command not found...
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend  vg0 /dev/vdb2
  Volume group "vg0" successfully extended
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 700M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Extending logical volume lv0 to 700.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized

[root@localhost ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/vg0/lv0
meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg0-lv0    isize=256    agcount=16, agsize=6400 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=102400, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=853, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 102400 to 179200
[root@localhost ~]#

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注意：扩容的极限为18EB-1TB

4.在ext4文件系统中：

umount  /dev/vg0/lv0     ##卸载设备
mkfs.ext4  /dev/vg0/lv0  ##格式化设备为ext4
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
44832 inodes, 179200 blocks
8960 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=184549376
6 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7472 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

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拉深

lvextend -L 400M /dev/vg0/lv0       ##将设备拉深到700M
resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0                    ##拉深文件系统

缩减

umount  /dev/vg0/lv0             ##卸载设备
e2fsck -f /dev/vg0/lv0           ##扫描设备上的数据,查看文件的大小,根据文件的大小缩减设备。
e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
Pass 2: Checking directory structure
Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
Pass 4: Checking reference counts
Pass 5: Checking group summary information
/dev/vg0/lv0: 11/44832 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 7272/179200 blocks

resize2fs /dev/vg0/lv0 200M       ##缩减文件系统
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 to 51200 (4k) blocks.
The filesystem on /dev/vg0/lv0 is now 51200 blocks long.

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mount /dev/vg0/lv0  /westos/    ##挂载设备
lvreduce -L 200M /dev/vg0/lv0   ##缩减设备
WARNING: Reducing active and open logical volume to 200.00 MiB
 THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
Do you really want to reduce lv0? [y/n]: y
  Reducing logical volume lv0 to 200.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L 400M /dev/vg0/lv0
  Extending logical volume lv0 to 400.00 MiB
  Logical volume lv0 successfully resized

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5.对卷组

pvmove /dev/vdb1  /dev/vdb2  ##当要移除的分区存在数据时，需要把数据迁移到其他的pv中
vgreduce vg0 /dev/vdb1       ##移除卷组中的/dev/vdb1
pvremove /dev/vdb1           ##将/dev/vdb1从物理卷中移除

[root@localhost ~]# pvmove /dev/vdb1  /dev/vdb2
  /dev/vdb1: Moved: 100.0%
[root@localhost ~]# vgreduce vg0 /dev/vdb1
  Removed "/dev/vdb1" from volume group "vg0"
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/vdb1
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully wiped
[root@localhost ~]#

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6.lvm快照
lvm快照： ##读取数据读取的是设备

lvcreate -L 100M -n lv0backup  -s /dev/vg0/lv0     
##对/dev/vg0/lv0进行快照，快照的大小为100M，生成的快照文件为v0backup。
mount /dev/vg0/lv0backup /westos/     ##挂载生成的快照

[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 80M -n lv0backup  -s /dev/vg0/lv0
  Logical volume "lv0backup" created
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg0/lv0backup /westos/
[root@localhost ~]#

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7.lvm的删除

umount /dev/vg0/lv0backup         ##卸载快照
lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0backup       ##移除快照
lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0             ##移除逻辑卷              
vgremove vg0                      ##移除物理卷组
pvremove /dev/vdb2                ##将/dev/dvb2从物理卷中移除

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fdisk /dev/vdb
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[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/vg0/lv0backup
umount: /dev/vg0/lv0backup: not mounted
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0backup
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv0backup? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "lv0backup" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/vg0/lv0
Do you really want to remove active logical volume lv0? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "lv0" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]# vgremove vg0
  Volume group "vg0" successfully removed
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/vdb2
  Labels on physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully wiped
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.


Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 1
Partition 1 is deleted

Command (m for help): d
Partition number (2,3, default 3):
Partition 3 is deleted

Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 2

Partition 2 is deleted

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xe503464f

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): wq