网络编程TCP和UDP

将TCP的CS模型再敲一遍

TCP服务器

1->创建原始的套接字描述符

2->将原始套接字与主机ip绑定

3->将原始套接字设置监听状态

4->接收客户端连接，获取客户端信息，因为原始套接字被用了，所以创建新的套接字描述符用于客户端通信

5->发送接收信息

6->关闭

#include <myhead.h>

#define SERPORT 3456
#define SERIP "192.168.0.102"
#define BACKLOG 5
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	int oldfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(oldfd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("旧的套接字创建成功\n");
	//2.绑定主机的IP和端口号
	struct sockaddr_in sin = {
		.sin_family = AF_INET,//使用IPv4通信协议族
		.sin_port = htons(SERPORT),//设置端口号
		.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERIP)//设置IP地址为本机地址
	};//定义服务器地址结构体变量

	if(bind(oldfd,(struct sockaddr *)&sin,sizeof(sin)) == -1)//绑定ip
	{
		perror("bind");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("绑定成功\n");
	if(listen(oldfd,BACKLOG) == -1)//监听客户端需求
	{
		perror("listen");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("监听成功\n");

	char buff[1024];
	
	struct sockaddr_in cin;//定义获取客户端信息结构体
	socklen_t cinlen = sizeof(cin);//获取结构体大小
	int newfd = accept(oldfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cin,&cinlen);//接收请求，创建新的描述符
	if(newfd == -1)
	{
		perror("accept");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("%s:%d客户端发来连接请求\n",inet_ntoa(cin.sin_addr),ntohs(cin.sin_port));
	while(1)
	{
		memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
		//int len = read(newfd,buff,sizeof(buff));
		int len = recv(newfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0);
		printf("读取的信息:%s\n",buff);
		if(len == 0)
		{
			printf("你客户跑了\n");
		}
		strcat(buff,"520");
		//write(newfd,buff,sizeof(buff));
		send(newfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0);
		memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));

	}
	close(oldfd);
	close(newfd);
	return 0;
}

TCP客户端

1->创建原始套接字描述符

2->可以绑定也可以不绑定，这里就没有绑定了

3->连接服务器，创建结构体用于接收自己的信息，在连接时要带上自己“身份”

4->发送接收信息

5->关闭

#include <myhead.h>

#define SERPORT 3456
#define SERIP "192.168.0.102"
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	int oldfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);
	if(oldfd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	//2.绑定(可选)
	//连接服务器
	struct sockaddr_in cin = {
		.sin_family = AF_INET,//使用IPv4通信协议族
		.sin_port = htons(SERPORT),//设置端口号
		.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERIP)//设置IP地址为本机地址
	};//定义服务器地址结构体变量

	if(connect(oldfd,(struct sockaddr *)&cin,sizeof(cin)) == -1)
	{
		perror("connect");
		return -1;
	}
	printf("连接成功\n");
	char buff[1024];
	while(1)
	{
		memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
		printf("客户端发信息");
		fgets(buff,sizeof(buff),stdin);
		buff[strlen(buff)-1] = '\0';
		send(oldfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0);

		recv(oldfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0);
		printf("收到服务器信息%s\n",buff);
	}
	close(oldfd);
	return 0;
}

UDP服务器中，使用connect函数，实现唯一的客户端与服务器通话

UDP服务器

UDP服务器可以不连接（connect），连接后会与指定的客户端通信，不会接收其他客户端信息

代码中当接收到ccc字符串的时候使用connect函数，就只与发ccc字符串的客户端通信了

#include <myhead.h>

#define SERPORT 8888
#define SERIP "192.168.0.102"
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	int oldfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(-1 == oldfd)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in sin = {
		.sin_family = AF_INET,
		.sin_port = htons(SERPORT),
		.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(SERIP)
	};

	if(bind(oldfd,(struct sockaddr*)&sin,sizeof(sin)) == -1)
	{
		perror("bind");
		return -1;
	}

	struct sockaddr_in cin;
	socklen_t cinlen = sizeof(cin);
	char buff[100];
	while(1)
	{
		memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
		int len = recvfrom(oldfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&cin,&cinlen);
		if(strcmp(buff,"ccc")==0)
		{
			connect(oldfd,(struct sockaddr*)&cin,cinlen);
		}
		if(len == 0)
		{
			printf("客户端跑了\n");
			break;
		}
		printf("服务器接收到信息:%s\n",buff);

		//strcat(buff,"666");
		//sendto(oldfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&sin,sizeof(sin));
		//printf("发送成功\n");
		//memset(buff,0,sizeof(buff));
	}
	close(oldfd);
	
	return 0;
}

UDP客户端

#include <myhead.h>

#define CLIPORT 8888
#define CLIIP "192.168.0.102"
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
	int oldfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0);
	if(oldfd == -1)
	{
		perror("socket");
		return -1;
	}
	
	struct sockaddr_in cin = {
		.sin_family = AF_INET,
		.sin_port = htons(CLIPORT),
		.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(CLIIP)
	};
	char buff[1024];
	while(1)
	{
		printf("客户端发信息：");
		fgets(buff,sizeof(buff),stdin);
		sendto(oldfd,buff,sizeof(buff),0,(struct sockaddr*)&cin,sizeof(cin));
		printf("发送成功");

	}
	close(oldfd);
	
	return 0;
}

TCP和UDP的思维导图