参见http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/std/
标准库中的算法主要在algorithm、numeric两个头文件,注意有些是只能在C++11下使用,比如all_of,any_of。还有就是标准库算法的参数在C98下是需要程序员来确保正确的比如:
template <class OutputIterator, class Size, class T>
OutputIterator fill_n (OutputIterator first, Size n, const T& val)
的参数n为非负,还有一些算法的迭代器范围的有效性也需要确保正确,否则会引起未定义的行为。
下面列出这两个头文件中的函数名和功能简介,具体算法模板的实现、复杂度、实例请参考上面的链接。
Functions in <algorithm>
Non-modifying sequence operations:
-
all_of
- Test condition on all elements in range (function template )
-
any_of
- Test if any element in range fulfills condition (function template )
-
none_of
- Test if no elements fulfill condition (function template )
-
for_each
- Apply function to range (function template )
-
find
- Find value in range (function template )
-
find_if
- Find element in range (function template )
-
find_if_not
- Find element in range (negative condition) (function template )
-
find_end
- Find last subsequence in range (function template )
-
find_first_of
- Find element from set in range (function template )
-
adjacent_find
- Find equal adjacent elements in range (function template )
-
count
- Count appearances of value in range (function template )
-
count_if
- Return number of elements in range satisfying condition (function template )
-
mismatch
- Return first position where two ranges differ (function template )
-
equal
- Test whether the elements in two ranges are equal (function template )
-
is_permutation
- Test whether range is permutation of another (function template )
-
search
- Search range for subsequence (function template )
-
search_n
- Search range for elements (function template )
-
copy
- Copy range of elements (function template )
-
copy_n
- Copy elements (function template )
-
copy_if
- Copy certain elements of range (function template )
-
copy_backward
- Copy range of elements backward (function template )
-
move
- Move range of elements (function template )
-
move_backward
- Move range of elements backward (function template )
-
swap
- Exchange values of two objects (function template )
-
swap_ranges
- Exchange values of two ranges (function template )
-
iter_swap
- Exchange values of objects pointed by two iterators (function template )
-
transform
- Transform range (function template )
-
replace
- Replace value in range (function template )
-
replace_if
- Replace values in range (function template )
-
replace_copy
- Copy range replacing value (function template )
-
replace_copy_if
- Copy range replacing value (function template )
-
fill
- Fill range with value (function template )
-
fill_n
- Fill sequence with value (function template )
-
generate
- Generate values for range with function (function template )
-
generate_n
- Generate values for sequence with function (function template )
-
remove
- Remove value from range (function template )
-
remove_if
- Remove elements from range (function template )
-
remove_copy
- Copy range removing value (function template )
-
remove_copy_if
- Copy range removing values (function template )
-
unique
- Remove consecutive duplicates in range (function template )
-
unique_copy
- Copy range removing duplicates (function template )
-
reverse
- Reverse range (function template )
-
reverse_copy
- Copy range reversed (function template )
-
rotate
- Rotate left the elements in range (function template )
-
rotate_copy
- Copy range rotated left (function template )
-
random_shuffle
- Randomly rearrange elements in range (function template )
-
shuffle
- Randomly rearrange elements in range using generator (function template )
-
is_partitioned
- Test whether range is partitioned (function template )
-
partition
- Partition range in two (function template )
-
stable_partition
- Partition range in two - stable ordering (function template )
-
partition_copy
- Partition range into two (function template )
-
partition_point
- Get partition point (function template )
Sorting :
-
sort
- Sort elements in range (function template )
-
stable_sort
- Sort elements preserving order of equivalents (function template )
-
partial_sort
- Partially sort elements in range (function template )
-
partial_sort_copy
- Copy and partially sort range (function template )
-
is_sorted
- Check whether range is sorted (function template )
-
is_sorted_until
- Find first unsorted element in range (function template )
-
nth_element
- Sort element in range (function template )
Binary search (operating on partitioned/sorted ranges):
-
lower_bound
- Return iterator to lower bound (function template )
-
upper_bound
- Return iterator to upper bound (function template )
-
equal_range
- Get subrange of equal elements (function template )
-
binary_search
- Test if value exists in sorted sequence (function template )
Merge (operating on sorted ranges):
-
merge
- Merge sorted ranges (function template )
-
inplace_merge
- Merge consecutive sorted ranges (function template )
-
includes
- Test whether sorted range includes another sorted range (function template )
-
set_union
- Union of two sorted ranges (function template )
-
set_intersection
- Intersection of two sorted ranges (function template )
-
set_difference
- Difference of two sorted ranges (function template )
-
set_symmetric_difference
- Symmetric difference of two sorted ranges (function template )
Heap :
-
push_heap
- Push element into heap range (function template )
-
pop_heap
- Pop element from heap range (function template )
-
make_heap
- Make heap from range (function template )
-
sort_heap
- Sort elements of heap (function template )
-
is_heap
- Test if range is heap (function template )
-
is_heap_until
- Find first element not in heap order (function template )
Min/max :
-
min
- Return the smallest (function template )
-
max
- Return the largest (function template )
-
minmax
- Return smallest and largest elements (function template )
-
min_element
- Return smallest element in range (function template )
-
max_element
- Return largest element in range (function template )
-
minmax_element
- Return smallest and largest elements in range (function template )
Other :
-
lexicographical_compare
- Lexicographical less-than comparison (function template )
-
next_permutation
- Transform range to next permutation (function template )
-
prev_permutation
- Transform range to previous permutation (function template )
Functions in <numeric>
-
accumulate
- Accumulate values in range (function template )
-
adjacent_difference
- Compute adjacent difference of range (function template )
-
inner_product
- Compute cumulative inner product of range (function template )
-
partial_sum
- Compute partial sums of range (function template )
-
iota
- Store increasing sequence (function template )