监视文件系统 FileSystemWatcher组件

使用 FileSystemWatcher 组件可以监视文件系统，并在文件系统所包含的目录和文件发生更改时作出响应。这使您可以在特定的文件和目录被创建、修改或删除时，快速方便地启动业务处理。例如，假设您和一群同事正合作处理某个文档，而该文档存储在服务器上的共享目录下。使用 FileSystemWatcher 组件的实例，您可以编写自己的应用程序来监视共享目录内容的更改。当检测到更改时，该组件就可以运行过程，通过电子邮件通知小组的每一个成员。

下面的示例创建 FileSystemWatcher 来监视运行时指定的目录。组件设置为监视 LastWrite 和 LastAccess 时间方面的更改，以及目录中文本文件的创建、删除或重命名。如果更改、创建或删除文件，文件路径将被输出到控制台。在文件重命名后，旧路径和新路径都输出到控制台。

在此示例中使用 System.Diagnostics 和 System.IO 命名空间。

public class Watcher
{

    public static void Main()
    {
Run();

    }

    [PermissionSet(SecurityAction.Demand, Name="FullTrust")]
    public static void Run()
    {
        string[] args = System.Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();

        // If a directory is not specified, exit program.
        if(args.Length != 2)
        {
            // Display the proper way to call the program.
            Console.WriteLine("Usage: Watcher.exe (directory)");
            return;
        }

        // Create a new FileSystemWatcher and set its properties.
        FileSystemWatcher watcher = new FileSystemWatcher();
        watcher.Path = args[1];
        /* Watch for changes in LastAccess and LastWrite times, and
           the renaming of files or directories. */
        watcher.NotifyFilter = NotifyFilters.LastAccess | NotifyFilters.LastWrite
           | NotifyFilters.FileName | NotifyFilters.DirectoryName;
        // Only watch text files.
        watcher.Filter = "*.txt";

        // Add event handlers.
        watcher.Changed += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
        watcher.Created += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
        watcher.Deleted += new FileSystemEventHandler(OnChanged);
        watcher.Renamed += new RenamedEventHandler(OnRenamed);

        // Begin watching.
        watcher.EnableRaisingEvents = true;

        // Wait for the user to quit the program.
        Console.WriteLine("Press /'q/' to quit the sample.");
        while(Console.Read()!='q');
    }

    // Define the event handlers.
    private static void OnChanged(object source, FileSystemEventArgs e)
    {
        // Specify what is done when a file is changed, created, or deleted.
       Console.WriteLine("File: " +  e.FullPath + " " + e.ChangeType);
    }

    private static void OnRenamed(object source, RenamedEventArgs e)
    {
        // Specify what is done when a file is renamed.
        Console.WriteLine("File: {0} renamed to {1}", e.OldFullPath, e.FullPath);
    }
}

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