mybatis一对多关联关系

　　在《mybatis一对一关联关系》中，我们以班级和教师的例子介绍了一对一的关联关系，现在引入学生类，一个学生对应一个班级，一个班级对应多个学生，来介绍mybatis如何处理一对多的关联关系。
　　
　　首先创建表和实体类：

teacher表：

CREATE TABLE teacher(
    t_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    t_name VARCHAR(20)
);
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('LS1');
INSERT INTO teacher(t_name) VALUES('LS2');

class表：

CREATE TABLE class(
    c_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    c_name VARCHAR(20), 
    teacher_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE class ADD CONSTRAINT fk_teacher_id FOREIGN KEY (teacher_id) REFERENCES teacher(t_id);   
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_a', 1);
INSERT INTO class(c_name, teacher_id) VALUES('bj_b', 2);

其中teacher_id是指向teacher表的外键：

student表：

CREATE TABLE student(
    s_id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, 
    s_name VARCHAR(20), 
    class_id INT
);
ALTER TABLE student ADD CONSTRAINT fk_class_id FOREIGN KEY (class_id) REFERENCES class(c_id);   
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_A', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_B', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_C', 1);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_D', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_E', 2);
INSERT INTO student(s_name, class_id) VALUES('xs_F', 2);

其中class_id是指向class表的外键：

实体类Student，Teacher和Classes：

public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    //getters and setters

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }

    public Student(int id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Student() {
        super();
    }

}

public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

    //getters and setters

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Teacher [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]";
    }

    public Teacher(int id, String name) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Teacher() {
        super();
    }
}

public class Classes {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;
    private List<Student> students;

    //getters and setters

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Classes [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", teacher=" + teacher + ", students=" + students + "]";
    }



    public Classes(int id, String name, Teacher teacher, List<Student> students) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.teacher = teacher;
        this.students = students;
    }

    public Classes() {
        super();
    }
}

编写映射文件classesMapper.xml（关键）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.test6.classesMapper">

    <!-- 
    方法一: 嵌套结果: 使用嵌套结果映射来处理重复的联合结果的子集
    SELECT * FROM class c, teacher t,student s WHERE c.teacher_id=t.t_id AND c.C_id=s.class_id AND  c.c_id=1
     -->
    <!-- 
        根据classId查询对应的班级信息,包括学生,老师
     -->
    <select id="getClassesById" parameterType="int" resultMap="classesResultMap">
        select * from class c,teacher t,student s where c.teacher_id=t.t_id
        and
        s.class_id=c.c_id and c.c_id=#{id}
    </select>
    <resultMap type="Classes" id="classesResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="c_id" />
        <result property="name" column="c_name" />
        <association property="teacher" javaType="Teacher">
            <id property="id" column="t_id" />
            <result property="name" column="t_name" />
        </association>
        <!-- ofType指定students集合中的对象类型 -->
        <collection property="students" ofType="Student">
            <id property="id" column="s_id" />
            <result property="name" column="s_name" />
        </collection>
    </resultMap>

    <!-- 
        方法二：嵌套查询：通过执行另外一个SQL映射语句来返回预期的复杂类型
            SELECT * FROM class WHERE c_id=1;
            SELECT * FROM teacher WHERE t_id=1   //1 是上一个查询得到的teacher_id的值
            SELECT * FROM student WHERE class_id=1  //1是第一个查询得到的c_id字段的值
     -->
    <!-- 
        查询所有的班级信息,包括学生,老师
     -->
    <select id="getAllClasses" resultMap="allClassesResultMap">
        select * from class
    </select>
    <resultMap type="Classes" id="allClassesResultMap">
        <id property="id" column="c_id" />
        <result property="name" column="c_name" />
        <association property="teacher" column="teacher_id"
            select="getTeacherById">
        </association>
        <collection property="students" column="c_id"
            select="getStudentByClassId"></collection>
    </resultMap>
    <select id="getTeacherById" parameterType="int" resultType="Teacher">
        select t_name name from teacher where t_id=#{id}
    </select>
    <select id="getStudentByClassId" parameterType="int" resultType="Student">
        select s_id id,s_name name from student where class_id=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

这里提供了两种方法处理一对多的关联关系，和一对一中类似，分别是联表查询和分两次查询。关键点在于resultMap节点中的collection节点，注意在联表查询时，需要通过collection节点的ofType属性指定返回的集合的元素类型。