前几天在"慕课网"看到了郭霖大神的视频----点击打开链接
"见证Android消息推送时刻",由于自己这段时间也在做即时通讯,作为初级码农,顿时感到与大神如此的接近,所以决定追随大神的步伐,把郭神的每一段代码,每一句话都记下来认真学习,笔记分享给大家,一起学习.
1 IM通讯机制研究
长连接 短连接
即时通讯属于长连接,维护一个服务,一直监听消息的到达
2 实现在控制台输出内容在服务端接收
----客户端代码:这个类实现了控制台输出文本
/** * 消息推送机制客户端代码 * @author fflin learned by GuoLin * */ public class SocketClient {
public static void main(String[] args) { /** * 实现用户在命令行输出消息 */ SocketClient socketClient = new SocketClient(); socketClient.start(); } public void start(){ BufferedReader inBufferedReader; try { inBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String inputContent; while(!(inputContent = inBufferedReader.readLine()).equals("bye")){ System.out.println(inputContent); } } catch (Exception e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
----服务端代码:接收客户端消息
public class SocketServer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SocketServer mSocketServer = new SocketServer();
mSocketServer.start();
}
public void start(){
ServerSocket mServerSocket;
BufferedReader reader;
/**
* 创建ServerSocket对象,参数是端口号,
* accept方法表示阻塞服务,等待客户端接入
*/
try {
mServerSocket = new ServerSocket(9998);
Socket mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(mSocket.getInputStream()));
/**
* 客户端发送过来的消息
*/
String receivedMessage;
while((receivedMessage = reader.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println(receivedMessage);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
-----
客户端创建Socket消息对象,通过创建输出流,发送消息到服务器
//创建服务器的Socket连接,参数:IP地址,端口号
socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",9998);
//发送消息
writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
inBufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String inputContent;
while(!(inputContent = inBufferedReader.readLine()).equals("bye")){
writer.write(inputContent+"\n");
writer.flush();
System.out.println(inputContent);
}
----
服务端接收到消息,打印到控制台
mServerSocket = new ServerSocket(9998);
System.out.println("服务启动了....");
Socket mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();
System.out.println("客户端:"+mSocket.hashCode()+"已经连接服务器");
-----服务端接收到消息,打印
-----目前实现了从客户端发送消息给服务端,如果要实现服务端发送消息到客户端,只需要把服务端和客户端的reader和writer
替换
---服务端创建writer对象,回复客户端消息
writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(mSocket.getOutputStream()));
---客户端创建reader,接收服务端消息
reader =
new
BufferedReader(
new
InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
3 问题:
目前虽然实现了客户端与服务端的长连接,可是客户端不能被动接受服务端的消息,只能主动发送消息到服务器,才会收到服务器返回的消息
4 完善优化Socket消息机制
---客户端开启服务器消息监听器,目前客户端已经拥有了随时接受服务端返回消息的能力
public void startServerReplyListener(final BufferedReader reader){
//请求网络等耗时操作要放在子线程中运行
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
String response;
//相当于子线程阻塞,一直监听服务器的消息到达
while((response = reader.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println(response);
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
-----定时任务
-----注意一个问题,在读取数据的操作中,程序判断以"\n"(换行符)为一段文本的结束
5 服务端目前存在的问题:只允许一个客户端接入
public void manageConnection(Socket socket){
//为每个建立连接的Socket建立一个线程,进行管理
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(mSocket.getInputStream()));
writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(mSocket.getOutputStream()));
/**
* 客户端发送过来的消息
*/
String receivedMessage;
while((receivedMessage = reader.readLine()) != null){
System.out.println(receivedMessage);
//服务器收到消息,回复给客户端,注意加换行符
writer.write("服务端收到消息,回复:"+receivedMessage+"\n");
writer.flush();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
reader.close();
writer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}).start();
-----调用管理客户端接入的方法
while (true) {
mSocket = mServerSocket.accept();
manageConnection(mSocket);
System.out.println("客户端:" + mSocket.hashCode() + "已经连接服务器");
}
----运行效果