安卓中如何监听某些app打开

需求：编写一个程序能够监听到一些app曾经打开并且在程序里面显示是否打开过，比如com.liulishuo.engzo（英语流利说app）的打开；

思路：
首先要有一个Service在后台能够知道任务栈顶端程序是否是com.liulishuo.engzo这样的包名；
如果指定的一个app中包含任务栈顶端的包名，那么就把这个包名和true值存储在SharedPreferences中；
这些app的包名用bindService方式动态传递Service中；

涉及到的知识点：正在running的任务栈知识、Service的bind知识；

WatchDogService.java

public class WatchDogService extends Service {

    private List<String> packageList = new ArrayList<>();
    private static final String TAG = "WatchDogService";
    private static boolean flag = true;// 线程退出的标记
    private ActivityManager am;
    private SharedPreferences isOpenSP;
    private SharedPreferences.Editor editor;

    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        // 服务一旦启动要在后台监视任务栈最顶端应用
        am = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(Context.ACTIVITY_SERVICE);
        isOpenSP = getSharedPreferences("isOpen", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        editor = isOpenSP.edit();

        new Thread() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                super.run();
                while (flag) {
                    synchronized (WatchDogService.class) {
                        List<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> runningTasks = am.getRunningTasks(1);
                        ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo runningTaskInfo = runningTasks.get(0);
                        ComponentName topActivity = runningTaskInfo.topActivity;
                        String packageName = topActivity.getPackageName();

                        if (packageList.contains(packageName)) {
                            // 判断packageName是否已打开
                            boolean isOpen = isOpenSP.getBoolean(packageName, false);
                            if (!isOpen) {
                                editor.putBoolean(packageName, true);
                                editor.apply();
                                Log.i(TAG, packageName + "正在存储");
                            }
                        }
                        SystemClock.sleep(500);
                    }
                    Log.i(TAG, "服务在循环");
                }
            }
        }.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        flag = false;
    }

    public class MyBinder extends Binder implements IMyBinder {

        @Override
        public void setPackageNames(List<String> packageNames) {
            packageList.clear();
            packageList.addAll(packageNames);
        }
    }

    MyBinder myBinder = new MyBinder();
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return myBinder;
    }
}

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private TextView textView1;
    private SharedPreferences isOpennSP;
    private IMyBinder iMyBinder;
    private List<String> packageList = new ArrayList<>();
    private MyServiceConnection connection;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        textView1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv1);

        isOpennSP = getSharedPreferences("isOpen", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);

        initData();

        connection = new MyServiceConnection();
        bindService(new Intent(this, WatchDogService.class), connection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
    }

    private void renderView() {
        textView1.setText(isOpennSP.getBoolean(packageList.get(0), false) ? packageList.get(0) + "已打开" : packageList.get(0) + "未打开");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        renderView();
    }

    private void initData() {
        packageList.clear();
        packageList.add("com.liulishuo.engzo");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        unbindService(connection);
    }

    public class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            iMyBinder = (IMyBinder) iBinder;
            iMyBinder.setPackageNames(packageList);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
        }
    }
}

IMyBinder.java

public interface IMyBinder {
    void setPackageNames(List<String> packageNames);
}

MyApplication.java

public class MyApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        startService(new Intent(this, WatchDogService.class));
    }
}

MainActivity中的bindService方法中携带了connection对象，一旦绑定成功会回调MyServiceConnection类中onServiceConnected方法，我们代码中用到的是第二个参数iBinder对象，这个对象是WatchDogService返回给我们的；

public class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {

        @Override
        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
            iMyBinder = (IMyBinder) iBinder;
            iMyBinder.setPackageNames(packageList);
        }

        @Override
        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
        }
    }

再看WatchDogService中的onBind方法中返回了MyBinder对象

public class MyBinder extends Binder implements IMyBinder {

        @Override
        public void setPackageNames(List<String> packageNames) {
            packageList.clear();
            packageList.addAll(packageNames);
        }
    }

MyBinder myBinder = new MyBinder();
    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return myBinder;
    }

这个myBinder对象就是从onBind方法中返回的，给了Activity中的MyServiceConnection 中的onServiceConnected方法的第二个参数，我们就是通过这个参数在Activity中去给Service中的packageNames集合赋值的。