项目结构图:
红框标记的是不需要改动的
实现复杂关系映射之前我们可以在映射文件中通过配置来实现,在使用注解开发时我们需要借 助@Results 注解,@Result 注解,@One 注解,@Many 注解。
1.复杂关系映射的注解说明
@Results
注解
代替的是标签<resultMap>
该注解中可以使用单个@Result
注解,也可以使用@Result
集合
@Results({@Result(),@Result()})或@Results(@Result())
@Resutl
注解
代替了<id>
标签和<result>
标签
@Result
中属性介绍:
id 是否是主键字段
column 数据库的列名 property 需要装配的属性名
one 需要使用的@One 注解(@Result(one=@One)()))
many 需要使用的@Many 注解(@Result(many=@many)()))
@One
注解(一对一)
代替了<assocation>
标签,是多表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回单一对象。
@One
注解属性介绍:
select
指定用来多表查询的 sqlmapper
fetchType
会覆盖全局的配置参数 lazyLoadingEnabled
。。 使用格式:
@Result(column=" ",property="",one=@One(select=""))
@Many
注解(多对一)
代替了<Collection>
标签,是是多表查询的关键,在注解中用来指定子查询返回对象集合。
注意:聚集元素用来处理“一对多”的关系。需要指定映射的 Java 实体类的属性,属性的 javaType
(一般为 ArrayList)但是注解中可以不定义;
使用格式:
@Result(property="",column="",many=@Many(select=""))
2.使用注解实现一对一复杂关系映射及延迟加载
加载账户信息时并且加载该账户的用户信息,根据情况可实现延迟加载。(注解方式实现)
2.1添加 User 实体类及 Account 实体类
User.java
public class User implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 3263025840797939103L;
private Integer userId;
private String userName;
private Date userBirthday;
private String userSex;
private String userAddress;
//一对多关系映射:一个用户对应多个账户
private List<Account> accounts;
public List<Account> getAccounts() {
return accounts;
}
public void setAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
this.accounts = accounts;
}
public Integer getUserId() {
return userId;
}
public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
this.userId = userId;
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public Date getUserBirthday() {
return userBirthday;
}
public void setUserBirthday(Date userBirthday) {
this.userBirthday = userBirthday;
}
public String getUserSex() {
return userSex;
}
public void setUserSex(String userSex) {
this.userSex = userSex;
}
public String getUserAddress() {
return userAddress;
}
public void setUserAddress(String userAddress) {
this.userAddress = userAddress;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"userId=" + userId +
", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
", userBirthday=" + userBirthday +
", userSex='" + userSex + '\'' +
", userAddress='" + userAddress + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
Account.java
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
//多对一(mybatis中称之为一对一)的映射:一个账户只能属于一个用户
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
2.2账户的持久层接口并使用注解配置
AccountMapper.java
public interface AccountMapper {
/**
* 查询所有账户,并且获取每个账户的用户信息
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from account")
@Results(id="accountMap",value = {
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "uid",property = "uid"),
@Result(column = "money",property = "money"),
@Result(property = "user",column = "uid",one=@One(select="com.wd.mapper.UserMapper.findById",fetchType= FetchType.EAGER))
})
List<Account> findAll();
}
2.3用户的持久层接口并使用注解配置
/**
* 用户的持久层接口
* 在mybatis中针对,CRUD一共有四个注解
* @Select @Insert @Update @Delete
*/
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface UserMapper {
/**
* 查询所有操作
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user")
@Results(id = "userMap", value = {
@Result(id=true,column = "id",property = "userId"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "userName"),
@Result(column = "address",property = "userAddress"),
@Result(column = "sex",property = "userSex"),
@Result(column = "birthday",property = "userBirthday"),
})
List<User> findAll();
/**
* 根据id查询用户
* @param id
* @return
*/
@Select("select * from user where id = #{id}")
@ResultMap(value = {"userMap"})
User findById(Integer id);
}
2.4测试一对一关联及延迟加载
package com.wd.test;
import com.wd.entity.Account;
import com.wd.mapper.AccountMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.List;
public class AccountTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private AccountMapper accountMapper;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
accountMapper = session.getMapper(AccountMapper.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void findAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountMapper.findAll();
for (Account account : accounts){
System.out.println("----每个账户的信息-----");
System.out.println (account);
System.out.println(account.getUser());
}
}
}
测试运行结果
3.使用注解实现一对多复杂关系映射
需求: 查询用户信息时,也要查询他的账户列表。使用注解方式实现。
分析: 一个用户具有多个账户信息,所以形成了用户(User)与账户(Account)之间的一对多关系。
3.1User 实体类加入 List<Account>
3.2用户的持久层接口并使用注解配置
3.3编写测试类
public class AnnotationCRUDTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSessionFactory factory;
private SqlSession session;
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Before
public void init()throws Exception{
in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
session = factory.openSession();
userMapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}
@After
public void destroy()throws Exception{
session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
@Test
public void findAll(){
List<User> users = userMapper.findAll();
for (User user : users){
// System.out.println("---每个用户的信息----");
// System.out.println(user);
// System.out.println(user.getAccounts());
}
}
}
测试运行结果