第十三周作业 dr-多网段和nfs 自动/实时挂载

1、DR模式下vip不在同一网段上实现过程（跨网段）

环境准备

五台主机
Internet：192.168.1.6/24		GW：192.168.1.200 仅主机

Router:
eth1 192.168.1.200/24	仅主机
eth0 10.0.0.0.200/24	NAT
eth0:1 172.16.0.200/24
启用 IP_FORWARD

lvs：
DIP:10.0.0.8/24	GW：10.0.0.200 NAT

RS:
RS1 RIP1:10.0.0.7/24	GW：10.0.0.200 NAT
RS2 RIP2:10.0.0.17/24	GW：10.0.0.200 NAT

配置过程

#Internet 配置
[root@Internet ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 
DEVICE=eth0
NAME=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
IPADDR=192.168.1.6
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.1.200

#router 配置
[root@router ~]# echo 'net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.conf
[root@router ~]# sysctl -p

[root@router network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth0
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
NAME="eth0"
DEVICE="eth0"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=10.0.0.200
PREFIX=24
[root@router network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eth1
TYPE="Ethernet"
BOOTPROTO="none"
NAME="eth1"
DEVICE="eth1"
ONBOOT="yes"
IPADDR=192.168.1.200
PREFIX=24

[root@Internet ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth0
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.200   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0

#router 添加IP地址：172.16.0.200/24
#方式一
[root@Router ~]#nmcli connection modify eth0 +ipv4.addresses 172.16.0.200/24 
[root@Router ~]#nmcli connection reload
[root@Router ~]#nmcli connection up eth0
#方式二
[root@router ~]# ip addr add 172.16.0.200/24 dev eth0
[root@router ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:50:56:21:5d:40 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.200/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.0.200/24 scope global eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::250:56ff:fe21:5d40/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:c4:7b:a8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.1.200/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute eth1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fec4:7ba8/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@router ~]# hostname -I
10.0.0.200 172.16.0.200 192.168.1.200


[root@lvs ~]# hostname -I
10.0.0.8 
[root@lvs ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         10.0.0.200      0.0.0.0         UG    100    0        0 eth0
10.0.0.0        0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     100    0        0 eth0


#LVS增加VIP
[root@lvs ~]# ifconfig lo:1 172.16.0.100/32
[root@lvs ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.0.100/0 scope global lo:1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:b9:c2:5f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.8/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:feb9:c25f/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

#LVS 增加VIP规则
[root@lvs ~]# ipvsadm -A -t 172.16.0.100:80 -s rr
[root@lvs ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 172.16.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.7:80 -w 1
[root@lvs ~]# ipvsadm -a -t 172.16.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.17:80 -w 1

#RS主机增加VIP
[root@rs1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
[root@rs1 ~]# echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
[root@rs1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
[root@rs1 ~]# echo 2 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce

[root@rs1 ~]# ifconfig lo:1 172.16.0.100/32
[root@rs1 ~]# ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet 172.16.0.100/0 scope global lo:1
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:0c:29:24:f8:b4 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.0.7/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe24:f8b4/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
       
#访问测试
[root@Internet ~]# curl 172.16.0.100
10.0.0.7  RS1
[root@Internet ~]# curl 172.16.0.100
10.0.0.17  RS2
[root@Internet ~]# curl 172.16.0.100
10.0.0.7  RS1
[root@Internet ~]# curl 172.16.0.100
10.0.0.17  RS2

2、CentOS7.6 中 nfs 客户端使用 /etc/fatab 实现开机自动挂载

[root@c8-18 ~]# vim /etc/fstab
#追加
10.0.0.18:/mnt/nfs  /data/nfs   nfs   defaults,_netdev  0 0

3、CentOS7.6 中 nfs 客户端使用 autofs 实现使用 nfs 时实时挂载

0 案例：将NFS 的共享目录，通过autofs 发布出来，作为远程主机用户的家目录

1 环境准备

三台主机
nfs server：10.0.0.8/24

nfs client:
client1:10.0.0.7/24
client2:10.0.0.6/24

2 实现步骤

#nfs 服务器创建用户和相应的家目录，并将用户dawn 的家目录共享
[root@c8-18 ~]# mkdir -pv /data/home
mkdir: created directory '/data/home'
[root@c8-18 ~]# useradd -d /data/home/nfsuser -u 2000 nfsuser

[root@c8-18 ~]# echo "/data/home *(rw)" > /etc/exports.d/nfstest.exports
[root@c8-18 ~]# exportfs -r
[root@c8-18 ~]# systemctl start nfs-server.service

#在nfs-client1：10.0.0.7 上实现相对路径的autofs
[root@c7-7 ~]# vim /etc/auto.master
/home	/etc/auto.home
#/misc	/etc/auto.misc
[root@c7-7 ~]# vim /etc/auto.home 
*	-fstype=nfs,vers=3 10.0.0.18:/data/home/&

#检测同步
[root@c7-7 ~]# su - nfsuser
Last login: Sun Nov  8 17:15:12 CST 2020 on pts/0
[nfsuser@c7-7 ~]$ pwd
/home/nfsuser
[nfsuser@c7-7 ~]$ df /home/nfsuser -T
Filesystem                   Type 1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
10.0.0.18:/data/home/nfsuser nfs   31441920 252160  31189760   1% /home/nfsuser
[nfsuser@c7-7 ~]$ ls /home
nfsuser


#在nfs-client2：10.0.0.17 上实现绝对路径的autofs
#检测nfs服务是否连接上
[root@c6-6 ~]# showmount -e 10.0.0.18
Export list for 10.0.0.18:
/data/home *
#配置文件
[root@c6-6 ~]# vim /etc/auto.master
/-	/etc/auto.home
#/misc	/etc/auto.misc
[root@c6-6 ~]# vim /etc/auto.home
/home/nfsuser	-fstype=nfs,vers=3 10.0.0.18:/data/home/nfsuser
[root@c6-6 ~]# service autofs restart

#测试
[nfsuser@c6-6 ~]$ pwd
/home/nfsuser
[nfsuser@c6-6 ~]$ df -T /home/nfsuser
Filesystem           Type 1K-blocks   Used Available Use% Mounted on
10.0.0.18:/data/home/nfsuser
                     nfs   31441920 252160  31189760   1% /home/nfsuser
[nfsuser@c6-6 ~]$ ls /home
nfsuser