Java-单例模式实现

1、基础写法，lazy loading，多个线程下会出现多个实例线程不安全，不推荐使用。

class Singleton{

    private static Singleton singleton;
    
    private Singleton(){}

    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(singleton == null){
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

2、修改的基础写法，lazy loading，线程安全，但是加锁同步效率低，不推荐使用。

class Singleton{

    private static Singleton singleton;

    private Singleton(){}

    public synchronized static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(singleton == null){
            singleton = new Singleton();
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}

3、饿汉式写法，利用ClassLoader保证线程安全，no lazy loading。

class Singleton{

    private static final Singleton singleton = new Singleton();

    private Singleton(){}

    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return singleton;
    }
}

4、静态内部类写法，lazy loading，利用ClassLoader保证线程安全。

class Singleton{

    private static class SingletonInstance {
        private static final Singleton singleton = new Singleton();
    }

    private Singleton(){}

    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return SingletonInstance.singleton;
    }
}

5、枚举式写法，Java Effective推荐写法，线程安全，代码简洁。

enum Singleton{
    INSTANCE;
}

6、双锁式，代码比较复杂。

class Singleton {
    
    private static volatile Singleton singleton;

    private Singleton() {
    }

    public static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(singleton == null){
            synchronized (Singleton.class){
                if(singleton == null){
                    singleton = new Singleton();
                }
            }
        }
        return singleton;
    }
}