Chinese Mahjong UVA - 11210

题目大意：给出十三张牌的样式，问再加哪一张牌才能胡牌，若都不能胡牌输出 Not ready（麻将胡牌是以3+3+3+3+2=14的形式组成 其中‘2’由两张相同的牌组成，称之为“将”，‘3’由三张相同类型的顺子或者三张相同的牌组成，称之为“刻子”，也就是说胡牌由一组奖牌四个刻子组成）

思路：由于只缺一张牌，那么对这张牌进行逐个枚举，然后先检查将牌之后对刻子用dfs进行检查。这里的储存也有些小技巧，详见代码

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<cmath>
#include<algorithm>
#include<map>
#include<cstring>
#include<string>
#include<set>
#include<queue>
#include<stack>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
string majiang[100]={"1T","2T","3T","4T","5T","6T","7T","8T","9T","1W","2W","3W","4W","5W","6W","7W","8W","9W","1S","2S","3S","4S","5S","6S","7S","8S","9S","DONG","NAN","XI","BEI","ZHONG","FA","BAI"};
string str;
int change(string str){
    for(int i=0;i<34;i++){
        if(majiang[i]==str)return i;
    }
    return 0;
}
int num[20],zh[50];
bool dfs(int depth){//检查刻子
    if(depth==4)return true;
    for(int i=0;i<34;i++){
        if(zh[i]>=3){
            zh[i]-=3;
            if(dfs(depth+1))return true;
            zh[i]+=3;
        }
    }
    for(int i=0;i<27;i++){
        if(i%9<7){
            if(zh[i]&&zh[i+1]&&zh[i+2]){
                zh[i]--;zh[i+1]--;zh[i+2]--;
                if(dfs(depth+1)) return true;
                zh[i]++;zh[i+1]++;zh[i+2]++;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}
bool check(){
    for(int i=0;i<34;i++){
        if(zh[i]>=2){
            zh[i]-=2;//检查将牌，并除去
            if(dfs(0))return true;
            zh[i]+=2;
        }
    }
    return false;
}
int main(){
    int flag,cnt=1;;
    while(1){
        flag=0;
        printf("Case %d:",cnt++);
        memset(num,0,sizeof(num));
        for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
            cin>>str;
            if(str[0]=='0')return 0;;
            num[i]=change(str);//储存每张牌所对应的编号
        }
        for(int i=0;i<34;i++){
            memset(zh,0,sizeof(zh));
            for(int i=0;i<13;i++){
                zh[num[i]]++;//记录每一种牌的个数
            }
            if(zh[i]==4)continue;
            zh[i]++;
            if(check()){
                flag=1;
                cout<<' '<<majiang[i];
            }
        }
        if(flag)cout<<endl;
        else cout<<" Not ready"<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}