使用C语言将pcm数据封装成wav文件

 

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pcm是原始音频数据，wav是windows中常见的音频格式，只是在pcm数据中添加了一个文件头，wav文件格式可以参考http://soundfile.sapp.org/doc/WaveFormat/

// WAVWriter.cpp: 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
//

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

typedef struct WAVE_HEADER {
    //RIFF
    char chunkID[4];
    //long int 4字节 某个大小
    unsigned long chunkSize;
    //WAVE
    char formate[4];
};
typedef struct WAVE_FMT {
    //fmt 注意最后有个空格
    char subchunk1ID[4];
    unsigned long subchunk1Size;
    unsigned short audioFormatTag;
    unsigned short numChannels;
    unsigned long sampleRate;
    unsigned long byteRate;
    unsigned short blockAlign;
    unsigned short bitPerSample;

};
typedef struct WAVE_DATA {
    char subchunk2Id[4];
    unsigned long subchunk2Size;
};

long getFileSize(char* filename) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(filename, "r");
    if (!fp) return -1;
    fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
    long size = ftell(fp);
    fclose(fp);
    return size;
}

int converToWAV(const char *pcmpath, int channels, int sample_rate, const char *wavepath) {
    int bits = 16;
    WAVE_HEADER   pcmHEADER;
    WAVE_FMT   pcmFMT;
    WAVE_DATA   pcmDATA;
    FILE *fp, *fpout;

    fp = fopen(pcmpath, "rb");
    if (NULL == fp) {
        std::cout << "file open failed" << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    long pcmSize = getFileSize((char*)pcmpath);
    //WAVE_HEADER
    memcpy(pcmHEADER.chunkID, "RIFF", strlen("RIFF"));
    pcmHEADER.chunkSize = 36 + pcmSize;
    memcpy(pcmHEADER.formate, "WAVE", strlen("WAVE"));


    fpout = fopen(wavepath, "wb");
    if (NULL == fpout) {
        cout << "file open failed" << endl;
        return -1;
    }
    fwrite(&pcmHEADER, sizeof(pcmHEADER), 1, fpout);



    //WAVE_FMT

    pcmFMT.numChannels = channels;
    pcmFMT.sampleRate = sample_rate;
    pcmFMT.bitPerSample = bits;
    pcmFMT.byteRate = sample_rate*channels *pcmFMT.bitPerSample / 8;
    memcpy(pcmFMT.subchunk1ID, "fmt ", strlen("fmt "));
    pcmFMT.subchunk1Size = 16;
    pcmFMT.audioFormatTag = 1;
    pcmFMT.blockAlign = channels*pcmFMT.bitPerSample / 8;
    fwrite(&pcmFMT, sizeof(pcmFMT), 1, fpout);

    //WAVE_DATA
    memcpy(pcmDATA.subchunk2Id, "data", strlen("data"));
    pcmDATA.subchunk2Size = pcmSize;
    fwrite(&pcmDATA, sizeof(pcmDATA), 1, fpout);
    char *buff=(char*)malloc(512);
    int len;
    while ((len = fread(buff, sizeof(char), 512, fp)) != 0)
    {
        fwrite(buff, sizeof(char), len, fpout);
    }
    free(buff);
    fclose(fp);
    fclose(fpout);


}



int main()
{

    converToWAV("input.pcm", 1, 44100, "output.wav");
    return 0;
}

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完全参考格式来书写的，pcm数据注意采样率和通道数。