声明：因本人刚接触embedded不足一个月，乃embedded菜鸟。本文旨在帮助和我一样的菜鸟们少走些弯路，文中若有不对的地方还望各路英豪不吝赐教。
Hily Jiang
Email&Gtalk: hilyjiang at Gmail
Blog: http://hily.iyi.cn/
经过几天的浴血奋战，总算有点成果了，废话不多说，赶紧把过程记下来。
准备工作花了我不少时间，光是下载uClinux-dist就用了两天，其间还看了些移植相关的文章，不过多数是使用2.4.x核的linux。
准备工作：
开发板：Samsung S3C44B0X
uClinux大礼包：uClinux-dist-20051110.tar.gz（点击下载）
开发工具链：arm-elf-tools-20040427.sh（点击下载）
2.6.14内核：linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2（点击下载）
2.6.14内核的uClinux补丁：linux-2.6.14-uc0.patch.gz（点击下载）
韩国人Hyok S. Choi做的ARM补丁 linux-2.6.14-hsc0.patch.gz（点击下载）
开始前请准备好足够大的空间，我下载了好几个版本的dist和内核源码，差不多用了2.9G。当然，实际上用不到这么大。
我的工作目录结构如下：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # ll 总用量 322030 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 280 2006-09-05 13:39 . drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 632 2006-09-05 13:39 .. -rwxr--r-- 1 root root 17589174 2006-09-03 18:49 arm-elf-tools-20040427.sh -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 203995 2006-09-04 14:03 linux-2.6.14-hsc0.patch.gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 39172170 2006-09-04 13:44 linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 29942 2006-09-04 14:29 linux-2.6.14-uc0.patch.gz -r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 272430004 2006-08-30 16:30 uClinux-dist-20051110.tar.gz
工具链的建立：
这一部比较简单，直接运行下载的arm-elf-tools-20040427.sh即可：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # chmod u+x arm-elf-tools-20040427.sh linux:/home/work/uclinux # ./arm-elf-tools-20040427.sh
准备代码树：
解压uClinux-dist-20051110.tar.gz：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # tar -zxf uClinux-dist-20051110.tar.gz linux:/home/work/uclinux # ll uClinux-dist 总用量 60 drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 536 2005-11-10 12:20 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 312 2006-09-05 13:45 .. drwxrwxr-x 2 500 500 608 2005-11-10 12:21 bin drwxrwxr-x 3 500 500 248 2005-11-10 12:21 config -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 18007 1999-11-22 11:46 COPYING drwxrwxr-x 3 500 500 1600 2005-11-10 12:10 Documentation drwxrwxr-x 11 500 500 704 2005-11-10 12:21 freeswan drwxr-xr-x 68 500 users 3128 2005-11-10 12:16 glibc drwxrwxr-x 2 500 500 72 2005-11-10 12:19 include drwxrwxr-x 29 500 500 736 2005-11-10 12:21 lib drwxrwxr-x 15 500 500 528 2005-11-10 12:10 linux-2.0.x drwxrwxr-x 16 500 500 584 2005-11-10 12:12 linux-2.4.x drwxr-xr-x 18 500 users 600 2005-11-10 12:21 linux-2.6.x -rw-r--r-- 1 500 users 10303 2005-08-25 11:37 Makefile drwxrwxr-x 13 500 500 680 2005-11-10 12:14 openswan -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 4931 2004-11-11 12:19 README -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 1743 2004-01-21 07:49 SOURCE drwxrwxr-x 5 500 500 312 2005-11-10 12:20 tools drwxr-xr-x 18 500 users 704 2005-11-10 12:21 uClibc drwxrwxr-x 212 500 500 5600 2005-11-10 12:21 user drwxrwxr-x 59 500 500 1504 2005-11-10 12:21 vendors移除linux-2.6.x，准备用新核替换：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # cd uClinux-dist/ linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # rm -rf linux-2.6.x/解压linux-2.6.14内核包：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # cd .. linux:/home/work/uclinux # tar -jxf linux-2.6.14.tar.bz2为新内核打上补丁：
linux:/home/work/uclinux # cd linux-2.6.14/ linux:/home/work/uclinux/linux-2.6.14 # gzip -dc ../linux-2.6.14-uc0.patch.gz | patch -p1 ...... linux:/home/work/uclinux/linux-2.6.14 # gzip -dc ../linux-2.6.14-hsc0.patch.gz | patch -p1 ......将新核移到uClinux代码树中：
linux:/home/work/uclinux/linux-2.6.14 # cd .. linux:/home/work/uclinux # mv linux-2.6.14 uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x linux:/home/work/uclinux # cd uClinux-dist/ linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # ll 总用量 60 drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 536 2006-09-05 13:56 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 312 2006-09-05 13:56 .. drwxrwxr-x 2 500 500 608 2005-11-10 12:21 bin drwxrwxr-x 3 500 500 248 2005-11-10 12:21 config -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 18007 1999-11-22 11:46 COPYING drwxrwxr-x 3 500 500 1600 2005-11-10 12:10 Documentation drwxrwxr-x 11 500 500 704 2005-11-10 12:21 freeswan drwxr-xr-x 68 500 users 3128 2005-11-10 12:16 glibc drwxrwxr-x 2 500 500 72 2005-11-10 12:19 include drwxrwxr-x 29 500 500 736 2005-11-10 12:21 lib drwxrwxr-x 15 500 500 528 2005-11-10 12:10 linux-2.0.x drwxrwxr-x 16 500 500 584 2005-11-10 12:12 linux-2.4.x drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 656 2006-09-05 13:54 linux-2.6.x -rw-r--r-- 1 500 users 10303 2005-08-25 11:37 Makefile drwxrwxr-x 13 500 500 680 2005-11-10 12:14 openswan -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 4931 2004-11-11 12:19 README -rw-rw-r-- 1 500 500 1743 2004-01-21 07:49 SOURCE drwxrwxr-x 5 500 500 312 2005-11-10 12:20 tools drwxr-xr-x 18 500 users 704 2005-11-10 12:21 uClibc drwxrwxr-x 212 500 500 5600 2005-11-10 12:21 user drwxrwxr-x 59 500 500 1504 2005-11-10 12:21 vendors在vendors目录下建立Samsung S3C44B0X相关的目录，并准备好相关文件。否则在后面的make menuconfig的vendors中将不会出现44b0的选项。
linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # mkdir vendors/Samsung/44B0X linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # cp vendors/Samsung/4510B/* vendors/Samsung/44B0X/ linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # cp linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/configs/s3c44b0x_defconfig vendors/Samsung/44B0X/config.linux-2.6.x
内核的配置：
好了，现在可以运行make menuconfig进行内核的配置了：
linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # make menuconfig如果你的系统中装了ncurse，则会出现以下菜单：
Vendor/Product Selection ---> Kernel/Library/Defaults Selection ---> --- Load an Alternate Configuration File Save Configuration to an Alternate File在“Vendor/Product Selection”中选择Vendor为Samsung，Product为44B0X：
--- Select the Vendor you wish to target (Samsung) Vendor --- Select the Product you wish to target (44B0X) Samsung Products在Kernel/Library/Defaults Selection中选择内核版本为linux-2.6.x，Libc选择uClibc，其余选项不动：
(linux-2.6.x) Kernel Version (uClibc) Libc Version [ ] Default all settings (lose changes) (NEW) [ ] Customize Kernel Settings (NEW) [ ] Customize Vendor/User Settings (NEW) [ ] Update Default Vendor Settings (NEW)[EXIT]后保存内核配置，将会出现如下信息：
Saving your kernel configuration... *** End of Linux kernel configuration. *** Check the top-level Makefile for additional configuration. *** Next, you must run 'make dep'. make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist' make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-elf- -C linux-2.6.x oldconfig make[2]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' HOSTCC scripts/basic/fixdep HOSTCC scripts/basic/split-include HOSTCC scripts/basic/docproc SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.h HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/conf.o HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/kxgettext.o HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/mconf.o SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.c SHIPPED scripts/kconfig/lex.zconf.c HOSTCC scripts/kconfig/zconf.tab.o HOSTLD scripts/kconfig/conf scripts/kconfig/conf -o arch/arm/Kconfig # # using defaults found in .config # .config:13: trying to assign nonexistent symbol GENERIC_IOMAP .config:265: trying to assign nonexistent symbol IP_TCPDIAG .config:266: trying to assign nonexistent symbol IP_TCPDIAG_IPV6 .config:297: trying to assign nonexistent symbol KGDBOE .config:478: trying to assign nonexistent symbol REISER4_FS .config:497: trying to assign nonexistent symbol FSCACHE .config:518: trying to assign nonexistent symbol DEVFS_FS * * Linux Kernel Configuration * Memory Management Support 1. MMU (MMU) 2. MPU (MPU) > 3. NONE (NO_MU) choice[1-3?]: 3 * * Code maturity level options * Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers (EXPERIMENTAL) [Y/n/?] y Select only drivers expected to compile cleanly (CLEAN_COMPILE) [N/y/?] n * * General setup * Local version - append to kernel release (LOCALVERSION) [] Automatically append version information to the version string (LOCALVERSION_AUTO) [Y/n/?] (NEW)有一些选项已经在config.linux-2.6.x中设定了，但还有一些选项需要手动进行设置。
这步请根据自己的需要进行设置，注意不要将太多的选项设置为y，否则会增加后面的编译时间。
配置完成会回到一个ncurse的界面，在这里可以对您刚才选错的应用程序部分重新进行配置：
Core Applications ---> Library Configuration ---> Flash Tools ---> Filesystem Applications ---> Network Applications ---> Miscellaneous Applications ---> BusyBox ---> Tinylogin ---> MicroWindows ---> Games ---> Miscellaneous Configuration ---> Debug Builds ---> --- Load an Alternate Configuration File Save Configuration to an Alternate File然后退出保存，这样内核的配置就完成了。
内核的编译
完成内核的配置后直接运行make进行编译。
这一步是最让人郁闷的，不仅要等待漫长的编译过程，还有好多意想不到的bug会发生。
准备接受挑战吧：
linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # make make -C tools/ucfront make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' cc -g -Werror -Wall -DHAVE_MKSTEMP -o ucfront ucfront.c args.c util.c execute.c vasprintf.c make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-gcc ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-g++ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-elf- -C linux-2.6.x || exit 1 make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' CHK include/linux/version.h UPD include/linux/version.h SPLIT include/linux/autoconf.h -> include/config/* SYMLINK include/asm-arm/arch -> include/asm-arm/arch-s3c44b0x Generating include/asm-arm/mach-types.h SYMLINK include/asm -> include/asm-arm CC arch/arm/kernel/asm-offsets.s arch/arm/kernel/asm-offsets.c:37: warning: `__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__' is not defined GEN include/asm-arm/asm-offsets.h CC init/main.o CHK include/linux/compile.h UPD include/linux/compile.h CC init/version.o CC init/do_mounts.o CC init/do_mounts_rd.o CC init/do_mounts_initrd.o LD init/mounts.o CC init/initramfs.o CC init/calibrate.o LD init/built-in.o HOSTCC usr/gen_init_cpio CHK usr/initramfs_list UPD usr/initramfs_list CPIO usr/initramfs_data.cpio GZIP usr/initramfs_data.cpio.gz AS usr/initramfs_data.o LD usr/built-in.o CC arch/arm/kernel/compat.o CC arch/arm/kernel/dma.o AS arch/arm/kernel/entry-armv.o AS arch/arm/kernel/entry-common.o CC arch/arm/kernel/irq.o CC arch/arm/kernel/process.o CC arch/arm/kernel/ptrace.o CC arch/arm/kernel/semaphore.o CC arch/arm/kernel/setup.o arch/arm/kernel/setup.c: In function `cpu_init': arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:357: warning: implicit declaration of function `dump_cpu_info' arch/arm/kernel/setup.c: In function `request_standard_resources': arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:541: warning: assignment makes integer from pointer without a cast CC arch/arm/kernel/signal.o CC arch/arm/kernel/sys_arm.o CC arch/arm/kernel/time.o CC arch/arm/kernel/traps.o CC arch/arm/kernel/io.o LD arch/arm/kernel/built-in.o AS arch/arm/kernel/../mach-s3c44b0x/head.o CC arch/arm/kernel/init_task.o LDS arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds CC arch/arm/mm/consistent-nommu.o CC arch/arm/mm/extable.o CC arch/arm/mm/fault.o CC arch/arm/mm/init.o arch/arm/mm/init.c: In function `bootmem_init': arch/arm/mm/init.c:435: warning: assignment makes integer from pointer without a cast CC arch/arm/mm/ioremap.o CC arch/arm/mm/mm-armv.o CC arch/arm/mm/alignment.o AS arch/arm/mm/cache-v4.o AS arch/arm/mm/proc-arm7tdmi.o arch/arm/mm/proc-arm7tdmi.S:16: asm/constants.h: ????????? make[2]: *** [arch/arm/mm/proc-arm7tdmi.o] 错误 1 make[1]: *** [arch/arm/mm] 错误 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' make: *** [linux] 错误 1第一击 找不到asm/constants.h：
这个好解决，打开linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/mm/proc-arm7tdmi.S，将#include 删掉即可。
重新make，进入第二击：
linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # make make -C tools/ucfront make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' make[1]: “ucfront”是最新的。 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-gcc ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-g++ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-elf- -C linux-2.6.x || exit 1 make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' CHK include/linux/version.h make[2]: “include/asm-arm/mach-types.h”是最新的。 CHK include/linux/compile.h CHK usr/initramfs_list AS arch/arm/mm/proc-arm7tdmi.o LD arch/arm/mm/built-in.o CC arch/arm/common/rtctime.o LD arch/arm/common/built-in.o CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.o arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:50: warning: `CONFIG_DEBUG_NICKMIT' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:95: warning: `CONFIG_NICKMIT_DEBUG' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:93: warning: `struct param_struct' declared inside parameter list arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:93: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want. arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:102: warning: implicit declaration of function `MAINTAINER' arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:103: initializer element is not constant arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:103: (near initialization for `__mach_desc_S3C44B0.boot_params') arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:103: parse error before `FIXUP' arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:107: initializer element is not constant arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:107: (near initialization for `__mach_desc_S3C44B0') make[2]: *** [arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.o] 错误 1 make[1]: *** [arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x] 错误 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' make: *** [linux] 错误 1第二击 语法错误：
这一击耗了我不少时间，惨痛的过程就不再多说。
出错原因是程序中用到的一些宏没有定义，打开linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c，跳到101行。
101 MACHINE_START(S3C44B0, "S3C44B0X Development Board")
102 MAINTAINER("nickmit ")
103 FIXUP(s3c44b0x_fixup)
104 INITIRQ(s3c44b0x_init_irq)
105 INIT_MACHINE(s3c44b0x_init_machine)
106 INITTIME(s3c44b0x_time_init)
107 MACHINE_END
再打开linux-2.6.x/include/asm/mach/arch.h，跳到52行，发现上述代码中的MAINTAINER、FIXUP等多个宏都没有定义：
52 /*
53 * Set of macros to define architecture features. This is built into
54 * a table by the linker.
55 */
56 #define MACHINE_START(_type,_name) /
57 const struct machine_desc __mach_desc_##_type /
58 __attribute__((__section__(".arch.info.init"))) = { /
59 .nr = MACH_TYPE_##_type, /
60 .name = _name,
61
62 #define MACHINE_END /
63 };
增加对它们的定义即可解决该问题（INITTIME不知道怎么定义:(）：
52 /*
53 * Set of macros to define architecture features. This is built into
54 * a table by the linker.
55 */
56 #define MACHINE_START(_type,_name) /
57 const struct machine_desc __mach_desc_##_type /
58 __attribute__((__section__(".arch.info.init"))) = { /
59 .nr = MACH_TYPE_##_type, /
60 .name = _name,
61
62 #define MAINTAINER(n)
63
64 #define BOOT_MEM(_pram,_pio,_vio) /
65 .phys_ram = _pram, /
66 .phys_io = _pio, /
67 .io_pg_offst = ((_vio)>>18)&0xfffc,
68
69 #define BOOT_PARAMS(_params) /
70 .param_offset = _params,
71
72 #define VIDEO(_start,_end) /
73 .video_start = _start, /
74 .video_end = _end,
75
76 #define DISABLE_PARPORT(_n) /
77 .reserve_lp##_n = 1,
78
79 #define SOFT_REBOOT /
80 .soft_reboot = 1,
81
82 #define FIXUP(_func) /
83 .fixup = _func,
84
85 #define MAPIO(_func) /
86 .map_io = _func,
87
88 #define INITIRQ(_func) /
89 .init_irq = _func,
90
91 #define INIT_MACHINE(_func) /
92 .init_machine = _func,
93
94 #define INITTIME(_func) /
95 .timer = _func,
96
97 #define MACHINE_END /
98 };
再make：
linux:/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist # make make -C tools/ucfront make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' make[1]: “ucfront”是最新的。 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront' ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-gcc ln -sf /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/tools/ucfront/ucfront tools/ucfront-g++ make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=arm-elf- -C linux-2.6.x || exit 1 make[1]: Entering directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' CHK include/linux/version.h make[2]: “include/asm-arm/mach-types.h”是最新的。 CC arch/arm/kernel/asm-offsets.s arch/arm/kernel/asm-offsets.c:37: warning: `__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__' is not defined GEN include/asm-arm/asm-offsets.h CHK include/linux/compile.h CHK usr/initramfs_list CC arch/arm/kernel/compat.o AS arch/arm/kernel/entry-armv.o AS arch/arm/kernel/entry-common.o CC arch/arm/kernel/setup.o arch/arm/kernel/setup.c: In function `cpu_init': arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:357: warning: implicit declaration of function `dump_cpu_info' arch/arm/kernel/setup.c: In function `request_standard_resources': arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:541: warning: assignment makes integer from pointer without a cast LD arch/arm/kernel/built-in.o AS arch/arm/kernel/../mach-s3c44b0x/head.o CC arch/arm/mm/init.o arch/arm/mm/init.c: In function `bootmem_init': arch/arm/mm/init.c:435: warning: assignment makes integer from pointer without a cast AS arch/arm/mm/cache-v4.o LD arch/arm/mm/built-in.o CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.o arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:50: warning: `CONFIG_DEBUG_NICKMIT' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:95: warning: `CONFIG_NICKMIT_DEBUG' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:93: warning: `struct param_struct' declared inside parameter list arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:93: warning: its scope is only this definition or declaration, which is probably not what you want. arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:103: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:106: warning: implicit declaration of function `INITTIME' arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:107: warning: excess elements in struct initializer arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c:107: warning: (near initialization for `__mach_desc_S3C44B0') CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/irq.o CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/mm.o arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/mm.c:16: warning: `s3c44b0x_map_io' defined but not used CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/dma.o CC arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.o arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:26: warning: `CONFIG_ARM_CLK_ADJUST' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:52: warning: `CONFIG_ARM_CLK_ADJUST' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:64: warning: `CONFIG_DEBUG_NICKMIT' is not defined arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c: In function `s3c44b0x_time_init': arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:95: `gettimeoffset' undeclared (first use in this function) arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:95: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:95: for each function it appears in.) arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:99: warning: implicit declaration of function `s3c44b0x_clear_pb' arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c:100: warning: implicit declaration of function `s3c44b0x_unmask_irq' make[2]: *** [arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.o] 错误 1 make[1]: *** [arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x] 错误 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' make: *** [linux] 错误 1第三击 未声明的变量gettimeoffset：
这个也好办，打开linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/time.c，将95行注释掉即可：
95 //gettimeoffset = s3c44b0x_gettimeoffset;再make，这次正常地编译了比较长的时间，终于可以歇口气了。
好吧，就来说点其它的。说说我的惨痛过程吧，在编译成功之前我试过许多版本的uClinux以及linux内核，但是每次在编译的过程中都会出错，有些错误在网上可以找到答案，而大多数没有。我在碰到那些网上找不到答案的问题时，往往选择放弃，再换用其它版本。直到大多数新版本的uClinux都被试过后，我才发现没有一个版本是没有问题的。而我解决问题的方式仍然停留在如果在网上找到解决方法上，譬如上面的第二击，我曾用google搜索 “arch/arm/mach-s3c44b0x/arch.c”，发现uClinux的邮件列表中有人遇到了和我一样的问题（ http://mailman.uclinux.org/pipermail/uclinux-dev/2006-June/038774.html）。这个问题好几个月了都没有人回复，于是我想，他们都解决不了的问题，我应该也没有能力解决吧，弃之……
但是后来我还是自己解决了那个问题，只是个简单的语法问题。搜索引擎能够帮助我们快速地解决问题，但是也容易让人失去独立解决问题的锻炼机会。我太依赖于网络，导致本来自己能够解决的问题没能及早解决，希望各位引以为戒。也许有人（在某个论坛上看到的）说的对：“能在搜索引擎中找到答案的都不是问题。”，用另一种方式来歪解就是：“所有问题只有在搜索引擎中找不到答案时才需要自己动手解决。”。好啦，不说了，又出错了，再来看看：
......（略过正常的信息） /usr/local/bin/arm-elf-ld.real:arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds:919: parse error make[1]: *** [vmlinux] 错误 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' make: *** [linux] 错误 1第四击 vmlinux.lds分析错误：
老方法，打开linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds，注释掉出错的两行：
918 /* those must never be empty */
919 /*
920 ASSERT((__proc_info_end - __proc_info_begin), "missing CPU support")
921 ASSERT((__arch_info_end - __arch_info_begin), "no machine record defined")
922 */
担心这样的注释方法会导致其它问题，于是上网搜，发现有些人也是这么解决的：
http://www.handhelds.org/hypermail/familiar/301/30180.html
Delete the line “ASSERT ((__procXXXX …)” in the file vmlinux.lds And then try to recompile make zImage安心了，进入下一个问题。
arch/arm/kernel/built-in.o(.text+0x34d0): In function `cpu_init': /home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x/arch/arm/kernel/setup.c:357: undefined reference to `dump_cpu_info' make[1]: *** [vmlinux] 错误 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/work/uclinux/uClinux-dist/linux-2.6.x' make: *** [linux] 错误 1第五击 dump_cpu_info调用出错：
网上找到说法：
http://www.kernel.org/hg/linux-2.6/?cs=c176368cddac
date: Sun Nov 6 19:49:21 2005 +0000 (10 months ago) files: arch/arm/kernel/setup.c description: [ARM] Don't call dump_cpu_info unless we're booting We don't want to call dump_cpu_info() from cpu_init() after boot since it produces a lot of unnecessary noise - since cpu_init() gets called on resume and hotplug cpu insertion events.既然不需要，那么就直接将它删除掉。
继续make，你会发现，后面的路太平坦了……
一帆风顺绝对不是什么好事，因为祸乱往往就隐匿在平静之中，我肯定后边的配置过程还会出现更多奇怪的问题。
本篇待续……
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