Spring cloud二（Netflix Eureka）

Spring Cloud—服务注册与发现(Netflix Eureka)

一.Netflix Eureka简介

Netflix Eureka分为服务端和客户端，服务端负责维护（部署和移除）所有微服务的注册，客户端可以自行注册并发现其他已注册的微服务。当客户端微服务向Eureka注册时，它将提供诸如主机IP，端口和运行状况指示器之类的元数据，从而允许其他微服务发现它。发现服务器需要来自每个微服务实例的常规心跳消息。如果实例从开始始终无法发送心跳，则发现服务器将会从其注册中删除该实例。通过这种方式，我们将拥有一个非常稳定的微服务生态系统，彼此之间进行协作，除此之外，我们不必手动维护其他微服务的地址。

二.代码示例

1.服务端

1）创建“Spring stater Project”项目,加入@EnableEurekaServer注解，@EnableEurekaServer表示该类是Netflix Eureka服务端。代码如下：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
  
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurekaServerApplication {
  
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringEurekaServerApplication.class, args);
    }
}

2），在pom.xml里加入：spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.example</groupId>
	<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>SpringEurekaServerApplication</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Finchley.SR2</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

3）服务器配置：在src\main\resources目录下创建application.yml，并添加以下内容：

server:
  port: ${PORT:8761}  
 
eureka:
  client:
    registerWithEureka: false   
    fetchRegistry: false
  server:
    waitTimeInMsWhenSyncEmpty: 0 

运行程序，在浏览器中输入http://localhost:8761，结果如下：

2.客户端

1）.创建"Spring stater Project”项目EurekaClient1Application，加入注解@EnableEurekaClient，该注解表示该类为Eureka客户端，代码如下：

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class EurekaClient1Application {

   public static void main(String[] args) {
   	SpringApplication.run(EurekaClient1Application.class, args);
   }
}

2）在pom.xml文件引入spring-cloud-starter-eureka，代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    
   <groupId>com.example</groupId>
   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <packaging>jar</packaging>

   <name>EurekaClient1Application</name>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        
       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
       <version>1.5.6.RELEASE</version>
       <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
   </parent>

   <properties>
   	<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
   	<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
   	<java.version>1.8</java.version>
   </properties>

   <dependencies>
   	<dependency>
   		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
   	</dependency>

   	<dependency>
           <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
           <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
       </dependency>
       
   	<dependency>
   		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   		<scope>test</scope>
   	</dependency>
   	
   	</dependencies>
   <dependencyManagement>
       <dependencies>
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
               <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
               <version>Dalston.SR3</version>
               <type>pom</type>
               <scope>import</scope>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   </dependencyManagement>

   <build>
   	<plugins>
   		<plugin>
   			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   			<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   		</plugin>
   	</plugins>
   </build>
</project>

3）在src\main\resources目录下创建application.yml，内容如下：

server:
  port: 8098   
 
eureka:         
  instance:
    leaseRenewalIntervalInSeconds: 1
    leaseExpirationDurationInSeconds: 2
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://127.0.0.1:8761/eureka/
    healthcheck:
      enabled: true
    lease:
      duration: 5
 
spring:    
  application:
    name: EurekaClient1    
     
management:
  security:
    enabled: false    

4）创建Demo1Controller.java，代码如下：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;


@RestController
public class Demo1Controller {
	@RequestMapping(value = "/getdata", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<String> getData() {

		List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
		list.add("data1");
		list.add("data2");
		return list; 	
    }
}

5）运行项目，在浏览器中输入地址：http://http?/localhost:8761/，如图，我们可以看到注册中心多了一条微服务记录LS–20160827ZAZ:EurekaClient1:8098。

6）我们可以通过

LS--20160827ZAZ:EurekaClient1:8098/getdata

访问EurekaClient1Application中的getdata，也可以直接访问localhost:8098/getdata,返回的结果一样，如图：