SSM整合

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分类专栏： java前后端学习 # javaweb 文章标签： java 数据库开发语言

于 2023-10-01 10:35:17 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/xiaolitongxue12_/article/details/133387078

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本文详细介绍了使用Maven创建SSM项目，包括引入相关依赖、Spring与SpringMVC配置、MyBatis集成、JDBC连接池配置以及异常处理策略。还涉及了数据库操作和前后端数据传输协议的定义与实现。

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1 SSM整合配置

1.1 Maven新建工程

1.2 导入坐标

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.6</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
      <version>1.1.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.0</version>
    </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
        <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.1</version>
        <configuration>
          <port>80</port>
          <path>/</path>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>

1.3 Spring相关配置

1.3.1 jdbc资源文件配置

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssm_db?useSSL=False
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=******

1.3.2 Spring配置

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.itheima.service"})
@PropertySource("jdbc.properties")
@Import({JdbcConfig.class, MybatisConfig.class})
public class SpringConfig {
}

1.3.3 Jdbc配置

public class JdbcConfig {
    @Value("${jdbc.driver}")
    private String driver;
    @Value("${jdbc.url}")
    private String url;
    @Value("${jdbc.username}")
    private String username;
    @Value("${jdbc.password}")
    private String password;

    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource(){
        DruidDataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClassName(driver);
        dataSource.setUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUsername(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        return dataSource;
    }
    
}

1.3.4 Mybatis配置

public class MybatisConfig {
    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource){
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("com.itheima.domain");
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
    }

    @Bean
    public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer(){
        MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();
        mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage("com.itheima.dao");
        return mapperScannerConfigurer;
    }
}

1.4 SpringMVC相关配置

1.4.1 Servlet-Spring配置

public class ServletConfig extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
    }

    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringmvcConfig.class};
    }

    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }
}

1.4.2 SpringMVC配置

@Configuration
@ComponentScan("com.itheima.controller")
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringmvcConfig {

}

2 功能模块开发

2.1 创建数据库并实现对应类

public class Book {
    private Integer id;
    private String type;
    private String name;
    private String description;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", description='" + description + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }

    public void setDescription(String description) {
        this.description = description;
    }
}

2.2 数据层

@Repository
public interface BookDao {
    @Insert("insert into tbl_book value(null,#{type},#{name},#{description})")
    public void save(Book book);

    @Update("update tbl_book set type=#{type},name=#{name},description=#{description} where id=#{id}")
    public void update(Book book);
    @Delete("delete from tbl_book where id=#{id}")
    public void delete(Integer id);

    @Select("select * from tbl_book where id=#{id}")
    public Book getById(Integer id);
    @Select("select * from tbl_book")
    public List<Book> getAll();
}

2.3 业务层

public interface BookService {
    public boolean save(Book book);
    public boolean update(Book book);
    public boolean delete(Integer id);
    public Book getById(Integer id);
    public List<Book> getAll();
}

@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {
    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;

    public boolean save(Book book) {
        bookDao.save(book);
        return true;
    }

    public boolean update(Book book) {
        bookDao.update(book);
        return true;
    }

    public boolean delete(Integer id) {
        bookDao.delete(id);
        return true;
    }

    public Book getById(Integer id) {
        return bookDao.getById(id);
    }

    public List<Book> getAll() {
        return bookDao.getAll();
    }
}

2.4 表现层

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @PostMapping
    public boolean save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        return bookService.save(book);
    }

    @PutMapping
    public boolean update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        return bookService.update(book);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public boolean delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        return bookService.delete(id);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Book getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        return bookService.getById(id);
    }

    @GetMapping
    public List<Book> getAll() {
        return bookService.getAll();
    }

}

3 接口测试

3.1 业务层测试

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = SpringConfig.class)
public class BookServiceTest {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @Test
    public void testGetById(){
        Book book = bookService.getById(1);
        System.out.println(book);
    }

    @Test
    public void getAll(){
        List<Book> all = bookService.getAll();
        System.out.println(all);
    }
}

3.2 表现层测试（PostMan实现）

3.3 出现错误

3.3.1 Java：不支持发行版本5

1.在pom.xml添加

  <properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

2.修改项目jdk版本

3.3.2 A child container failed during start

修改SpringConfig类的代码

@PropertySource("classpath:jdbc.properties")

3.4 事务处理

4 表现层与前端数据传输协议定义

4.1 数据形式太多 ===> data属性

数据类型太多，前端不好处理，故封装为data属性：

4.2 无法得知操作种类 ===> code属性

但根据数据无法得知操作种类，添加code属性确定操作类型：

4.3 数据为空 ===> code最后一位

若返回数据为空，无法确定是操作失败还是返回数据为空，根据code属性最后一位来判断，若code最后一位为1则操作成功，为0则失败。

4.4 用户得到结果 ===> message属性

若操作异常，则前段应得知异常信息：

4.5 表现层数据封装

5 表现层与前端数据传输协议实现

5.1 Result类实现

public class Result {

    private Object data;
    private Integer code;
    private String msg;

    public Object getData() {
        return data;
    }

    public void setData(Object data) {
        this.data = data;
    }

    public Integer getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(Integer code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMsg() {
        return msg;
    }

    public void setMsg(String msg) {
        this.msg = msg;
    }

    public Result() {
    }

    public Result(Integer code,Object data) {
        this.data = data;
        this.code = code;
    }

    public Result(Integer code,Object data,  String msg) {
        this.data = data;
        this.code = code;
        this.msg = msg;
    }
}

5.2 Code类实现

public class Code {
    public static final Integer SAVE_OK = 20011;
    public static final Integer DELETE_OK = 20021;
    public static final Integer UPDATE_OK = 20031;
    public static final Integer GET_OK = 20041;
    public static final Integer SAVE_ERR = 20010;
    public static final Integer DELETE_ERR = 20020;
    public static final Integer UPDATE_ERR = 20030;
    public static final Integer GET_ERR = 20040;

}

5.3 BookController类改写

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/books")
public class BookController {
    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @PostMapping
    public Result save(@RequestBody Book book) {
        boolean flag = bookService.save(book);
        return new Result(flag?Code.SAVE_OK:Code.SAVE_ERR,flag);
    }

    @PutMapping
    public Result update(@RequestBody Book book) {
        boolean flag = bookService.update(book);
        return new Result(flag?Code.UPDATE_OK:Code.UPDATE_ERR,flag);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public Result delete(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        boolean flag = bookService.delete(id);
        return new Result(flag?Code.DELETE_OK:Code.DELETE_ERR,flag);
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public Result getById(@PathVariable Integer id) {
        Book book = bookService.getById(id);
        Integer code = book!=null?Code.GET_OK: Code.GET_ERR;
        String msg = book!=null?"": "数据查询失败，请重试！";
        return new Result(code,book,msg);
    }

    @GetMapping
    public Result getAll() {
        List<Book> all = bookService.getAll();
        Integer code = all!=null?Code.GET_OK: Code.GET_ERR;
        String msg = all!=null?"": "数据查询失败，请重试！";
        return new Result(code,all,msg);
    }

}

6 异常处理机

在表现层中写：

7 项目异常处理方案

7.1 项目异常分类

7.2 项目异常处理方案

7.2.1 自定义项目系统级异常

7.2.2 自定义项目业务级异常

7.2.3 自定义异常编码

7.2.4 触发自定义异常

7.2.5 拦截并处理异常

7.2.6 异常处理器效果对比

8 前后台整合

8.1 前后台协议联调（列表功能）

8.1.1 页面导入及处理

取消SpringMVC对页面的拦截：

@Configuration
public class SpringMvcSupport extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
    @Override
    protected void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler("/pages/**").addResourceLocations("/pages/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/js/**").addResourceLocations("/js/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/css/**").addResourceLocations("/css/");
        registry.addResourceHandler("/plugins/**").addResourceLocations("/plugins/");

    }
}

@Configuration
@ComponentScan({"com.itheima.controller","com.itheima.config"})
@EnableWebMvc
public class SpringmvcConfig {

}

8.1.2 列表页功能

                    //发送ajax请求
                    axios.get("/books").then((res)=>{
                        this.dataList = res.data.data;
                    });