元注解:可以注解到别的注解上的注解。
组合注解:被元注解 注解的注解称为组合注解,组合注解具备元注解的功能。
Spring很多注解都可以作为元注解,而且Spring本身已经有很多组合注解,如@Configuration就是一个组合了@Component的注解,表名这个类起始也是一个Bean。
定义组合注解@WiselyConfiguration代替@ComponentScan和@Configuration
1、定义注解
package com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.combination;
import java.lang.annotation.Documented;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.lang.annotation.Target;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Configuration // 组合@Configuration元注解
@ComponentScan // 组合@ComponentScan元注解
public @interface WiselyConfiguration {
String[] value() default {};// 覆盖value参数
String[] basePackages() default {}; // 覆盖basePackages参数
}
2、编写测试Bean
package com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class DemoCombinationAnnotationService {
public void outputResult() {
System.out.println("从组合注解配置Bean照样获得Bean");
}
}
3、使用新定义注解编写配置类
package com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.config;
import com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.combination.WiselyConfiguration;
@WiselyConfiguration(basePackages = "com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation")// 使用@WiselyConfiguration代替@ComponentScan和@Configuration
public class CombinationAnnotationConfig {
}
4、编写测试类
package com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.test;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
import com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.config.CombinationAnnotationConfig;
import com.chenfeng.xiaolyuh.annotation.service.DemoCombinationAnnotationService;
public class SpringCombinationAnnotationTest {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(CombinationAnnotationConfig.class);
@Test
public void contextTest() {
DemoCombinationAnnotationService demoCombinationAnnotationService = context.getBean(DemoCombinationAnnotationService.class);
demoCombinationAnnotationService.outputResult();
}
@After
public void closeContext() {
context.close();
}
}