Linux ContOS 安装nginx

安装过程

http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz 下载nginx包

tar -xzvf nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.20.1.tar.gz

yum install pcre pcre-devel

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data

编译安装

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--with-file-aio \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-mail \
--with-mail_ssl_module \
--with-http_perl_module \
--with-debug \
--with-http_xslt_module \
--with-http_image_filter_module \
--with-http_degradation_module \
--with-ld-opt=-Wl,-E

make
make install
make的过程是把各种语言写的源码文件，变成可执行文件和各种库文件; 
make install是把这些编译出来的可执行文件和库文件复制到合适的地方。

可能出现错误
在配置信息./configure 时，出现错误：
/configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
安装pcre

yum install pcre pcre-devel

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

yum install -y zlib-devel

yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev
yum -y install libxslt-devel

yum -y install gd-devel

yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data

缺少ssl错误，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions
from OpenSSL library.   You can either disable the module by using
--without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system,
or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using
--with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options.

安装openssl

yum -y install openssl openssl-devel

缺少zlib包，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using –without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib
library
statically from the source with nginx by using –with-zlib=<path> option.
安装zlib

yum install -y zlib-devel

缺少libxml2，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: the HTTP XSLT module requires the libxml2/libxslt
libraries. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.

安装：

yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev
yum -y install libxslt-devel

http_image_filter_module是nginx提供的集成图片处理模块，需要gd-devel的支持，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: the HTTP image filter module requires the GD library.
You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.

yum -y install gd-devel

缺少ExtUtils，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: perl module ExtUtils::Embed is required
yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed

缺少GeoIP，错误信息如下：
./configure: error: the GeoIP module requires the GeoIP library.
You can either do not enable the module or install the library.
yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data

启动
确保系统的 80 端口没被其他程序占用，运行/usr/local/nginx/nginx 命令来启动 Nginx，

netstat -ano|grep 80

如果查不到结果后执行，有结果则忽略此步骤（ubuntu下必须用sudo启动，不然只能在前台运行）

/usr/local/nginx/nginx

浏览器访问此机器的 IP，如果浏览器出现 Welcome to nginx! 则表示 Nginx 已经安装并运行成功。

设置nginx开机自启动（centos7.x）

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

[Unit]
Description=nginx service
After=network.target 
   
[Service] 
Type=forking 
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit
PrivateTmp=true 
   
[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[Unit]:服务的说明
Description:描述服务
After:描述服务类别
[Service]服务运行参数的设置
Type=forking是后台运行的形式
ExecStart为服务的具体运行命令
ExecReload为重启命令
ExecStop为停止命令
PrivateTmp=True表示给服务分配独立的临时空间
注意：[Service]的启动、重启、停止命令全部要求使用绝对路径
[Install]运行级别下服务安装的相关设置，可设置为多用户，即系统运行级别为3

命令：

# systemctl start nginx.service　         启动nginx服务

# systemctl stop nginx.service　          停止服务

# systemctl restart nginx.service　       重新启动服务

# systemctl list-units --type=service     查看所有已启动的服务

# systemctl status nginx.service          查看服务当前状态

# systemctl enable nginx.service          设置开机自启动

# systemctl disable nginx.service         停止开机自启动

错误解决

Warning: nginx.service changed on disk. Run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to reload units.

 直接按照提示执行命令systemctl daemon-reload 即可。

# systemctl daemon-reload