Python中sort 和 sorted函数
一、介绍
sort函数是list列表中的函数，而
sorted可以对list或者iterator进行排序
二、sort和sorted的比较
1、用sort函数对列表排序时会影响列表本身，而sorted不会
举例：
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">sort</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">()</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">a</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span></p>
2、
sorted(iterable，cmp，key，reverse）
参数：iterable可以是
list
或者
iterator
；
cmp
是带两个参数的比较函数；
key
是带一个参数的函数；
reverse为False或者True；
举例说明
（1）
用cmp函数排序
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1 </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">cmp </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">lambda</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> cmp</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">],</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]))</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">cmp </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">lambda</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> cmp</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">],</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]))</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span></p>
（2）用key函数排序
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1 </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">key </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">lambda</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">])</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">key </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">lambda</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">])</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span></p>（3）用reverse排序
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">reverse </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">True</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)</span> <span style="white-space: pre;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span></span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span></p>（4）用 operator.itemgetter 函数排序
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">from</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">operator</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> itemgetter</span> <span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> key</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">itemgetter</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">))</span> <span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span> <span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> sorted</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">list1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> key</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">itemgetter</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">))</span> <span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'david'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'lily'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">95</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'mary'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">90</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">'sara'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">80</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)]</span></p>
介绍
operator.itemgetter函数
<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px;"><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">operator</span> <span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> a </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">]</span> <span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> b </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">operator</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">itemgetter</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)</span> <span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">>>></span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> b</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">a</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(102, 102, 0);">)</span> <span class="pln" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102);">1</span> </p>
（5）多级排序
>>>
sorted
(
list1
,
key
=
itemgetter
(
0
,
1
))
[(
'david'
,
90
),
(
'lily'
,
95
),
(
'mary'
,
90
),
(
'sara'
,
80
)]
3.argsort函数
argsort函数返回的是数组值从小到大的索引值
Examples
--------
One dimensional array:一维数组
>>> x = np.array([3, 1, 2])
>>> np.argsort(x)
array([1, 2, 0])
Two-dimensional array:二维数组
>>> x = np.array([[0, 3], [2, 2]])
>>> x
array([[0, 3],
[2, 2]])
>>> np.argsort(x, axis=0) #按列排序
array([[0, 1],
[1, 0]])
>>> np.argsort(x, axis=1) #按行排序
array([[0, 1],
[0, 1]])
#######################################
例1：
>>> x = np.array([3, 1, 2])
>>> np.argsort(x) #按升序排列
array([1, 2, 0])
>>> np.argsort(-x) #按降序排列
array([0, 2, 1])
>>> x[np.argsort(x)] #通过索引值排序后的数组
array([1, 2, 3])
>>> x[np.argsort(-x)]
array([3, 2, 1])
另一种方式实现按降序排序：
>>> a = x[np.argsort(x)]
>>> a
array([1, 2, 3])
>>> a[::-1]
array([3, 2, 1])
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