Silverlight4学习--数据绑定及数据验证IDataErrorInfo，INotifyDataErrorInfo

1.IDataErrorInfo

    对数据实体类提供自定义验证支持，.NET也有该接口，可以方便移植。

    两个属性：

    string Error----获取对象的验证错误信息；

    string this[propertyName]----获取对象的指定字段的验证错误信息； 

    (1)先建一个数据实体类

    public class IDataErrorInfoModel : IDataErrorInfo { //常量 private const string ID_ERROR = "id不能小于10"; private const string NAME_ERROR = "name 不能包含空格"; private const string NAME_WARNING = "name 长度不能小于5"; //添加Dictionary用于记录错误信息 Dictionary<string, List<string>> errors = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>(); private int _id; public int Id { get { return _id; } set { if (value > 1000) { throw new Exception("太大了！"); } if (IsIdValid(value) && _id != value) { _id = value; } } } private string _name; public string Name { get { return Name; } set { if (IsNameValid(value) && _name != value) { _name = value; } } } /// <summary> /// 验证名称 /// </summary> /// <param name="name"></param> /// <returns></returns> private bool IsNameValid(string name) { bool result = true; if (name.Contains(" ")) { AddErroe("Name", NAME_ERROR); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Name", NAME_ERROR); } if (name.Length < 5) { AddErroe("Name", NAME_WARNING); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Name", NAME_WARNING); } return result; } /// <summary> /// 验证Id /// </summary> /// <param name="id"></param> /// <returns></returns> private bool IsIdValid(int id) { bool result = true; if (id < 10) { AddErroe("Id", ID_ERROR); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Id", ID_ERROR); } return result; } /// <summary> /// 添加错误信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="propertyName"></param> /// <param name="error"></param> private void AddErroe(string propertyName, string error) { if (!errors.ContainsKey(propertyName)) { errors[propertyName] = new List<string>(); } if (!errors[propertyName].Contains(error)) { errors[propertyName].Add(error); } } /// <summary> /// 移除错误信息 /// </summary> /// <param name="propertyName"></param> /// <param name="error"></param> private void RemoveError(string propertyName, string error) { if (errors.ContainsKey(propertyName) && errors[propertyName].Contains(error)) { errors[propertyName].Remove(error); if (errors[propertyName].Count == 0) { errors.Remove(propertyName); } } } #region IDataErrorInfo Members public string Error { get { return errors.Count > 0 ? "有验证错误" : "无验证错误"; } } public string this[string columnName] { get { if (errors.ContainsKey(columnName)) { return string.Join(Environment.NewLine, errors[columnName]); } else { return null; } } } #endregion }  

    (2)XAML文件

    <UserControl x:Class="Chapter6.MainPage" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:sdk="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation/sdk" mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400"> <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White" Loaded="LayoutRoot_Loaded"> <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left"> <TextBox x:Name="txtId" Width="100" Text="{Binding Id,Mode=TwoWay,ValidatesOnDataErrors=True,ValidatesOnExceptions=True,ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True}" KeyDown="txtId_KeyDown" /> <TextBox x:Name="txtName" Width="100" Text="{Binding Name,Mode=TwoWay,ValidatesOnDataErrors=True,ValidatesOnExceptions=True,ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True}" KeyDown="txtName_KeyDown" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </UserControl>

    注意在TextBox的Text中加上ValidatesOnDataErrors="True"，这样才能保证出现验证错误信息。

    (3)cs文件

    private IDataErrorInfoModel _model; private void txtId_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { if(e.Key==System.Windows.Input.Key.Enter) { txtId.GetBindingExpression(TextBox.TextProperty).UpdateSource(); } } private void txtName_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { if (e.Key == System.Windows.Input.Key.Enter) { txtName.GetBindingExpression(TextBox.TextProperty).UpdateSource(); } } private void LayoutRoot_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _model=new IDataErrorInfoModel(); LayoutRoot.DataContext = _model; }

2.INotifyDataErrorInfo

    对数据实体类提供验证支持，功能比IDataErrorInfo更强大。INotifyDataErrorInfo支持异步验证，这就意味着可以调用Web服务。该接口分别有一个属性，一个方法和一个事件。

    bool HasError----是否有验证错误信息；

    event EventHandler<DataErrorsChangedEventArgs> ErrorsChanged----当对象的错误验证信息改变时触发该事件；

    System.Collections.IEnumerable GetErrors----获取对象指定字段的错误验证信息；

    (1)先建实体对象类INotifyDataErrorInfoModel

    public class INotifyDataErrorInfoModel:INotifyDataErrorInfo { //常量 private const string ID_ERROR = "id不能小于10"; private const string NAME_ERROR = "name 不能包含空格"; private const string NAME_WARNING = "name 长度不能小于5"; //添加Dictionary用于记录错误信息 Dictionary<string, List<string>> errors = new Dictionary<string, List<string>>(); private int _id; public int Id { get { return _id; } set { if (value > 1000) { throw new Exception("太大了！"); } if (IsIdValid(value) && _id != value) { _id = value; } } } private string _name; public string Name { get { return _name; } set { if (IsNameValid(value) && _name != value) { _name = value; } } } private bool IsNameValid(string name) { bool result = true; if (name.Contains(" ")) { AddErroe("Name", NAME_ERROR); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Name", NAME_ERROR); } if (name.Length < 5) { AddErroe("Name", NAME_WARNING); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Name", NAME_WARNING); } return result; } private bool IsIdValid(int id) { bool result = true; if (id < 10) { AddErroe("Id", ID_ERROR); result = false; } else { RemoveError("Id", ID_ERROR); } return result; } private void AddErroe(string propertyName, string error) { if (!errors.ContainsKey(propertyName)) { errors[propertyName] = new List<string>(); } if (!errors[propertyName].Contains(error)) { errors[propertyName].Add(error); RaiseErrorChanged(propertyName); } } private void RemoveError(string propertyName, string error) { if (errors.ContainsKey(propertyName) && errors[propertyName].Contains(error)) { errors[propertyName].Remove(error); if (errors[propertyName].Count == 0) { errors.Remove(propertyName); } RaiseErrorChanged(propertyName); } } #region INotifyDataErrorInfo Members public event EventHandler<DataErrorsChangedEventArgs> ErrorsChanged; public void RaiseErrorChanged(string perprotyName) { if(ErrorsChanged!=null) { ErrorsChanged(this,new DataErrorsChangedEventArgs(perprotyName)); } } public System.Collections.IEnumerable GetErrors(string propertyName) { if(errors.ContainsKey(propertyName)) { return errors[propertyName]; } else { return null; } } public bool HasErrors { get { return errors.Count > 0; } } #endregion }

    基本上和IDataErrorInfo的实体类相似，只不过在添加和移除错误信息时添加事件的处理方法。

    (2)XAML

    <UserControl x:Class="Chapter6.INotifyDataInfoDemo" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" mc:Ignorable="d" d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400"> <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White" Loaded="LayoutRoot_Loaded"> <StackPanel HorizontalAlignment="Left" > <TextBox x:Name="txtId" Width="100" Text="{Binding Id,Mode=TwoWay,ValidatesOnExceptions=True,ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True}" KeyDown="txtId_KeyDown" /> <TextBox x:Name="txtName" Width="100" Text="{Binding Name,Mode=TwoWay,ValidatesOnExceptions=True,ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True}" KeyDown="txtName_KeyDown" /> </StackPanel> </Grid> </UserControl>

    注意此时的验证是ValidatesOnNotifyDataErrors=True；

    (3)XAML后台代码

    private INotifyDataErrorInfoModel _model; private void txtId_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { if (e.Key == System.Windows.Input.Key.Enter) { txtId.GetBindingExpression(TextBox.TextProperty).UpdateSource(); } } private void txtName_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e) { if (e.Key == System.Windows.Input.Key.Enter) { txtName.GetBindingExpression(TextBox.TextProperty).UpdateSource(); } } private void LayoutRoot_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { _model = new INotifyDataErrorInfoModel() { Id = 100, Name = "jiahua123" }; LayoutRoot.DataContext = _model; }