sqlzoo--Self JION

1.How many stops are in the database.

SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM stops

2.Find the id value for the stop ‘Craiglockhart’

SELECT id
FROM stops 
WHERE name = 'Craiglockhart'

3.Give the id and the name for the stops on the ‘4’ ‘LRT’ service.

SELECT  stops.id,stops.name
FROM route LEFT OUTER JOIN stops
  ON route.stop =stops.id 
WHERE route.company='LRT'
  AND route.stop=4

4.The query shown gives the number of routes that visit either London Road (149) or Craiglockhart (53). Run the query and notice the two services that link these stops have a count of 2. Add a HAVING clause to restrict the output to these two routes.

SELECT  company,num,COUNT(*)
FROM route 
WHERE stop=149 OR stop=53
GROUP BY company, num
HAVING COUNT(*)=2

5.Execute the self join shown and observe that b.stop gives all the places you can get to from Craiglockhart, without changing routes. Change the query so that it shows the services from Craiglockhart to London Road.

SELECT a.company, a.num, a.stop, b.stop
FROM route a JOIN route b 
  ON a.company=b.company 
 AND a.num=b.num
WHERE a.stop=53 AND b.stop=149

6.The query shown is similar to the previous one, however by joining two copies of the stops table we can refer to stops by name rather than by number. Change the query so that the services between ‘Craiglockhart’ and ‘London Road’ are shown. If you are tired of these places try ‘Fairmilehead’ against ‘Tollcross’

SELECT a.company, a.num, stopa.name, stopb.name
FROM route a JOIN route b 
  ON a.company=b.company AND a.num=b.num
     JOIN stops stopa
       ON a.stop=stopa.id
        JOIN stops stopb 
          ON b.stop=stopb.id
WHERE stopa.name='Craiglockhart' 
  AND stopb.name='London Road'

7.Give a list of all the services which connect stops 115 and 137 (‘Haymarket’ and ‘Leith’)

SELECT DISTINCT a.company,a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b
 ON a.num =b.num AND a.company=b.company
WHERE a.stop=115 AND b.stop=137

8.Give a list of the services which connect the stops ‘Craiglockhart’ and ‘Tollcross’

SELECT a.company,a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b
     ON a.num =b.num AND a.company=b.company
        JOIN stops c
          ON a.stop=c.id
             JOIN stops d
               ON  b.stop=d.id
WHERE c.name='Craiglockhart' 
      AND d.name='Tollcross'

9.Give a distinct list of the stops which may be reached from ‘Craiglockhart’ by taking one bus, including ‘Craiglockhart’ itself, offered by the LRT company. Include the company and bus no. of the relevant services.

SELECT c.name,a.company,a.num
FROM route a JOIN route b
   ON a.num =b.num AND a.company=b.company
    JOIN stops c
      ON a.stop=c.id
        JOIN stops d
          ON  b.stop=d.id
WHERE a.company='LRT' 
    AND d.name='Craiglockhart'

10.Find the routes involving two buses that can go from Craiglockhart to Sighthill.Show the bus no. and company for the first bus, the name of the stop for the transfer,and the bus no. and company for the second bus.
该题较难，需要花时间理解

SELECT DISTINCT bus1.num, bus1.company, name, bus2.num, bus2.company 
FROM (SELECT start1.num, start1.company, stop1.stop 
      FROM route AS start1 JOIN route AS stop1 
        ON start1.num = stop1.num  AND start1.company = stop1.company AND start1.stop != stop1.stop 
        WHERE start1.stop = (SELECT id 
                               FROM stops 
                              WHERE name = 'Craiglockhart')) AS bus1 
             JOIN (SELECT start2.num, start2.company, start2.stop 
                     FROM route AS start2 JOIN route AS stop2 
                       ON start2.num = stop2.num AND start2.company = stop2.company AND start2.stop != stop2.stop 
                     WHERE stop2.stop = (SELECT id 
                                           FROM stops 
                                           WHERE name = 'Sighthill')) AS bus2     
                      ON bus1.stop = bus2.stop 
                          JOIN stops 
                            ON bus1.stop = stops.id