Java中List的各种循环方式对比

原文链接：http://guowww.diandian.com/post/2010-09-10/15970717

今天在阅读代码的时候发现一段比较难以理解的for循环，突然对List的遍历有了兴趣，于是上网看了一下，这小小的东西真有不少的技巧。 

同事说遍历数组的时候，优先顺序应该是：foreach>for>while，于是针对这个进行了一个简单的测试。 

以下是测试代码： 

public static long testForloops(List list) { 
long start = 0L, end = 0L; 
@SuppressWarnings("nused" 
String le = null; 
start = System.nanoTime(); 
for (int i = list.size() - 1; i >=0; --i) { 
le = list.get(i); 
} 
end = System.nanoTime(); 
return end - start; 
} 
public static long testIterator(List list) { 
long start = 0L, end = 0L; 
@SuppressWarnings("nused") 
String le = null; 
start = System.nanoTime(); 
Iterator it = list.iterator(); 
while (it.hasNext()) { 
le = it.next(); 
} 
end = System.nanoTime(); 
return end - start; 
} 
public static long testForIterator(List list){ 
long start = 0L, end = 0L; 
@SuppressWarnings("unused") 
String le = null; 
start=System.nanoTime(); 
for(Iterator it = list.iterator(); it.hasNext();){ 
le=it.next(); 
} 
end=System.nanoTime(); 
return end-start; 
} 
public static long testForeach(List list){ 
long start = 0L, end = 0L; 
@SuppressWarnings("unused") 
String le = null; 
start=System.nanoTime(); 
for(String str: list){ 
le=str; 
} 
end=System.nanoTime(); 
return end-start; 
} 
public static void main(String[] args) { 
//测试列表长度 
final int LEN = 1000; 
//初始化测试用数据 
List arraylist = new ArrayList(LEN); 
List linkedlist = new LinkedList(); 
for (int i = 0; i < LEN; ++i) { 
String s = Integer.toString(i, 2); 
arraylist.add(s); 
linkedlist.add(s); 
} 
//打印测试结果 
final String FORMAT = "%1$-12s%2$-12s%3$16d\n"; 
System.out.println("List\t\tType\t\tTime(nanoseconds)"); 
System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------"); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "ArrayList", "for", testForloops(arraylist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "LinkedList", "for", testForloops(linkedlist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "Arraylist", "foreach", testForeach(arraylist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "LinkedList", "foreach", testForeach(linkedlist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "ArrayList", "whileIterator", testIterator(arraylist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "LinkedList", "whileIterator", testIterator(linkedlist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "Arraylist", "forIterator", testForIterator(arraylist)); 
System.out.printf(FORMAT, "LinkedList", "forIterator", testForIterator(linkedlist)); 
} 

测试的两组结果如下，结果一： 

List Type Time(nanoseconds) 
------------------------------------------------- 
ArrayList for 101000 
LinkedList for 907441 
Arraylist foreach 630418 
LinkedList foreach 366857 
ArrayList whileIterator 512606 
LinkedList whileIterator 520227 
Arraylist forIterator 72222 
LinkedList forIterator 63289 

结果二：

List Type Time(nanoseconds) 
------------------------------------------------- 
ArrayList for 93269 
LinkedList for 833748 
Arraylist foreach 271374 
LinkedList foreach 366950 
ArrayList whileIterator 208049 
LinkedList whileIterator 281161 
Arraylist forIterator 92102 
LinkedList forIterator 63695 

从这个结果我们可以发现：对于ArrayList和LinkedList，同一种循环方式有着不同的结果。这种差距尤其是在for循环中，LinkedList简直慢死了（数组再大点的话，这种差距在好几个数量级以上）。 
上面的结果也告诉我们一个事实，List的迭代while循环式很慢的，基本在任何List循环中我们可以抛弃。 
针对ArrayList，我们看出的结果是：ArrayList的迭代for循环最快，其次是普通的for循环，然后是foreach和迭代while循环。 
针对LinkedList，我们的结果是：LinkedList的迭代for循环最快，其次是foreach和迭代while循环，最慢的是for循环。