参考链接:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37294127/python-gdal-2-1-installation-on-ubuntu-16-04
sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ubuntugis/ppa
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade # if you already have gdal 1.11 installed
sudo apt install gdal-bin python-gdal python3-gdal # if you don't have gdal 1.11 already installed