使用try-with-resource关闭jdbc连接

描述

Java 1.7中新增的try-with-resource语法可以用来自动关闭打开的资源，如流、数据库连接、Socket连接等，这可以减少代码量，避免忘记关闭资源导致的资源泄露等问题

关闭jdbc连接的传统写法

package jdbc;
 
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
 
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) { 
        Connection con = null;
        Statement stmt = null;
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"); 
            con  = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "123456"); 
            stmt  = con.createStatement(); 
           String sql = "insert into students values(1," + "'小明'" + "," + 男+ "," + 12+ ")"; 
           stmt .execute(sql); 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            // 先关闭Statement
            if (stmt  != null)
                try {
                    stmt .close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            // 后关闭Connection
            if (con  != null)
                try {
                    con .close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } 
           } 
      }
}

使用try-with-resource关闭jdbc连接

package jdbc;
  
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
  
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
        try (
            Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "123456");
            Statement stmt = con.createStatement();             
        )
        {
            String sql = "insert into hero values(1," + "'小明'" + "," + 男 + "," + 12 + ")";
            stmt.execute(sql);              
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

实现了AutoCloseable接口的类可以使用try-with-resource自动关闭连接，如Connection和Statement。
用法：在try-catch的try后的（）中创建连接，后续不需要手动关闭

try (
    Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/how2java?characterEncoding=UTF-8", "root", "admin");
    Statement stmt = c.createStatement(); )
{
    //代码块    
} catch (SQLException e) {
    // TODO Auto-generated catch block
    e.printStackTrace();
}

参考文章

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43834780/article/details/104376956