php中常用正则表达式函数

php中常用正则表达式函数

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本文是慕课网上鬼斧神工之正则表达式课程的阅读笔记-1

<?php
preg_match($pattern,$subject)
preg_match_all($pattern,$subject,array&$matches)
preg_replace($pattern,$replacement,$subject)
preg_filter($pattern,$replacement,$subject)
preg_grep($pattern,array $input)
preg_split($pattern,$subject)
preg_quote($str)
?>

其中：

• $pattern=正则表达式
• $subject = 匹配的目标数据

1. show()函数

/** 
 * @name : show
 * @param $var : input data
 * @return void  
 */
function show($var = null) {
    if(empty($var)) {
        echo 'null';
    } elseif(is_array($var) || is_object($var)) {
        // array,object
        echo '<pre>';   // 用pre标签包围的块可以整齐缩进
        print_r($var);
        echo '</pre>';
    } else {
        // string,int,float...
        echo $var;
    }
}

2. preg_match, preg_match_all函数

2.1 代码片段

// preg_match, preg_match_all

$pattern = '/[0-9]/';
$subject = 'weuyr3ui76as83s0ck9';

$m1 = $m2 = array();

$res1 = preg_match($pattern, $subject, $m1);
$res2 = preg_match_all($pattern, $subject, $m2);

show($m1);
echo '<hr />';
show($m2);
echo '<hr />';
show($res1.'||'.$res2);

2.2 运行结果

3. preg_replace(类str_replace), preg_filter函数

3.1 代码片段

// preg_replace(str_replace), preg_filter

// $pattern = '/[0-9]/';
$pattern = array('/[0123]/', '/[456]/', '/[789]/');
$subject = 'weuyr3ui76as83s0ck9';
$subject = array('weuy', 'r', '3ui76', 'as', '83s0ck9');
// $replacement = '慕女神';
$replacement = array('慕', '女', '神');

$str1 = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $subject);
$str2 = preg_filter($pattern, $replacement, $subject);

show($str1);
echo '<hr />';
show($str2);

3.2 运行结果

4. preg_grep, preg_split(类explode)

4.1 代码片段

// preg_grep 阉割版的preg_filter，只匹配不替换
$pattern = '/[0-9]/';
$subject = array('weuy', 'r', '3ui76', 'as', '83s0ck9');

$arr = preg_grep($pattern, $subject);
show($arr);

// preg_split(explode) 

$pattern = '/[0-9]/';
$subject = '慕5女2神，0约吗？';

$arr = preg_split($pattern, $subject);

show($arr);

4.2 运行结果

5. preg_quote 正则运算符转义

5.1 代码片段

// preg_quote 正则运算符转义

$str = 'qwer{asdf}[1234]';

$str = preg_quote($str);

show($str);

5.2 运行结果

qwer\{asdf\}\[1234\]

知识小结

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1. pre标签用来格式化输出
2. preg_match函数返回值为0或1