SpringMVC-SSM整合

SSM整合开发思路

SSM整合代码仓库地址https://gitee.com/czshh0628/ssm_sample

SSM即SpringMVC+Spring+Mybatis整合，SSM整合的实质，仅仅就是将Mybatis整合入Spring，因为SpringMVC原本就是Spring的一部分，不用专门整合

SSM整合的实现方式分为两种：基于XML配置方式，基于注解方式

分工

SpringMVC：视图层，负责接收请求，显示处理结果

Spring：业务层，管理service，dao，工具类对象

Mybatis：持久层，访问数据库

工作流程

发起请求–>SpringMVC接收请求–>Spring中的service对象–>Mybatis处理数据

SSM整合中的容器

1. SpringMVC容器，管理Controller控制器对象
2. Spring容器，管理service dao 工具类对象

把使用的对象交给合适的容器创建，管理，将Controller还有web开发的相关对象交给SpringMVC容器，这些web用的对象写在SpringMVC的配置文件中

service dao对象定义在Spring的配置文件中，让Spring管理这些对象

SpringMVC容器和Spring容器是有关系的，SpringMVC是Spring的子容器，类似Java中的继承，子可以访问父的内容

在子容器中的Controller可以访问父容器中的Service对象，就可以实现Controller使用Service对象

实现步骤

引入依赖

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>8.0.23</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.16</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
        <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
        <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
        <version>5.2.5.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.18</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

编译资源文件

<build>
    <!--将src下以及resources目录下的properties、xml文件编译后写出到target目录-->
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

web.xml

注册中央控制器

• 创建SpringMVC容器对象，才能创建Controller类对象

• 创建的是Servlet，才能接收请求

注册spring的监听器：

• 创建Spring的容器对象，才能创建Service dao等对象

注册字符集过滤器，解决POST请求乱码问题

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
    <!--注册中央控制器-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:conf/dispatcherServlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>myweb</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--注册spring中的监听器-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:conf/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <!--注册字符集过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceRequestEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceResponseEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

创建项目基本包

SpringMVC配置文件

声明controller和其他web相关的对象

• 声明组件扫描器
• 配置视图解析器
• 开启注解驱动

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--springmvc配置文件：声明controller和其他web相关的对象-->

    <!--声明组件扫描器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.edu.ssm.controller"/>

    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--开启注解驱动-->
    <!--
        响应ajax请求 返回json
        解决静态资源访问问题
    -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>

Spring配置文件

声明service dao 工具类等对象

• 引入外部配置文件
• 声明数据源 连接数据库
• 创建sqlSessionFactory
• 声明mybatis扫描器 创建dao对象
• 声明service注解@Service所在的包名位置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!--spring配置文件：声明service dao 工具类等对象-->

    <!--引入外部配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:conf/jdbc.properties"/>

    <!--声明数据源 连接数据库-->
    <bean class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" id="dataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>

    <!--创建sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" id="sqlSessionFactory">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:conf/mybatis.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!--声明mybatis扫描器 创建dao对象-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.edu.ssm.dao"/>
    </bean>

    <!--声明service注解@Service所在的包名位置-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.edu.ssm.service"/>

    <!--事务配置 注解的配置 aspectj的配置-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" id="transactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
    <!--开启事务注解-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"></tx:annotation-driven>
</beans>

Mybatis配置文件

• 开启mybatis日志
• 配置别名
• 声明mapper文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!--开启mybatis日志-->
    <settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>
    <!--配置别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.edu.ssm.domain"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--声明mapper文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/StudentMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

编写测试SSM整合

controller–>service->dao->sql映射文件

@Controller
public class StuController {

    @Autowired
    private StudentService studentService;

    @RequestMapping("index")
    public String index() {
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("select")
    public String select() {
        List<Student> students = studentService.selectAll();
        System.out.println(students);
        return "index";
    }
}