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源码编译包安装请参见:
1.检查服务器是否安装过mariadb
rpm -qa | grep mariadb
并用rpm -e 软件包名 --nodeps 卸载软件,如:
rpm -e mariadb-server-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
2.安装相关的包:
yum -y install libaio libaio-devel bison bison-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel liburl-devel libarchive-devel boost boost-devel lsof wget gcc gcc-c++ make cmake perl kernel-headers kernel-devel pcre-devel
3.网上下载mariadb包:
wget https://downloads.mariadb.org/interstitial/mariadb-10.2.19/source/mariadb-10.2.19.tar.gz
4.解压包:
tar -xzvf mariadb-10.2.19.tar.gz
5.创建mariadb系统用户组和用户
groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin -d /usr/local/mysql -M mysql
6.进入mariadb-10.2.19目录,指定编译参数
#cd mariadb-10.2.19
#cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITHOUT_TOKUDB=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STPRAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWIYH_READLINE=1 \
-DWIYH_SSL=system \
-DVITH_ZLIB=system \
-DWITH_LOBWRAP=0 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
如果报错请删除:
CMakeCache.txt
7.编译并安装
make&& make install
8.创建多实例数据库目录
mkdir /data/{mysql3306,mysql3307,mysql3308}/{etc,socket,pid,log,data} -pv
9. 将/usr/local/mysql/support-files/里的my-large.cnf 配置文件复制到每个多实例数据库目录下的/etc里并改名my.cnf
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-large.cnf /data/{mysql3306,mysql3307,mysql3308}/etc/my.cnf
10.修改各多实例数据库里etc目录下my.cnf参数,如:
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock
datadir =/data/mysql3306/data
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
thread_concurrency = 8
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=mixed
server-id = 1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/data/mysql3306/log/mysql.log
pid-file=/data/mysql3306/pid/mysql.pid
11.把mariadb启动脚本添加到环境变量里:
vim /etc/procfile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/
#soure /etc/profile #更新 /etc/procfile文件
11.配置数据库
#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3306/data
#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3307/data
#/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3308/data
12.复制/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server到/data/mysql3306/data/mysql3307、/data/mysql3308下,对此文件进行修改
#!/bin/sh
# Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB
# This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind
# MariaDB daemon start/stop script.
# Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based
# systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql.
# When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is
# started and shut down when the systems goes down.
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
# Comments to support LSB init script conventions
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: mysql
# Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd
# Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: start and stop MariaDB
# Description: MariaDB is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
### END INIT INFO
# have to do one of the following things for this script to work:
#
# - Run this script from within the MariaDB installation directory
# - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information:
# [mysqld]
# basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory>
# - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini)
# and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin
# - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable
# below.
#
# If you want to affect other MariaDB variables, you should make your changes
# in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MariaDB configuration files.
# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MariaDB configuration files.
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql3306/data
# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overridden by value in my.cnf.
# 0 means don't wait at all
# Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely
service_startup_timeout=900
# Lock directory for RedHat / SuSE.
lockdir='/var/lock/subsys'
lock_file_path="$lockdir/mysql"
# The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things.
# Set some defaults
mysqld_pid_file_path=/data/mysql3306/pid/mysql.pid
socket=/data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock
if test -z "$basedir"
then
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir=/data/mysql
fi
sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
else
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir"
then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
if test -f "$basedir/bin/mysqld"
then
libexecdir="$basedir/bin"
else
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
fi
# datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be
# *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.)
datadir_set=
#
# Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible
#
lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions"
if test -f $lsb_functions ; then
. $lsb_functions
else
# Include non-LSB RedHat init functions to make systemctl redirect work
init_functions="/etc/init.d/functions"
if test -f $init_functions; then
. $init_functions
fi
log_success_msg()
{
echo " SUCCESS! $@"
}
log_failure_msg()
{
echo " ERROR! $@"
}
fi
PATH="/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin"
export PATH
mode=$1 # start or stop
[ $# -ge 1 ] && shift
case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in
*c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;;
*c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;;
*) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;;
esac
parse_server_arguments() {
for arg do
val=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'`
case "$arg" in
--basedir=*) basedir="$val"
bindir="$basedir/bin"
if test -z "$datadir_set"; then
datadir="$basedir/data"
fi
sbindir="$basedir/sbin"
if test -f "$basedir/bin/mysqld"
then
libexecdir="$basedir/bin"
else
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
fi
libexecdir="$basedir/libexec"
;;
--datadir=*) datadir="$val"
datadir_set=1
;;
--log-basename=*|--hostname=*|--loose-log-basename=*)
mysqld_pid_file_path="$val.pid"
;;
--pid-file=*) mysqld_pid_file_path="$val" ;;
--service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout="$val" ;;
--user=*) user="$val"; ;;
esac
done
}
# Get arguments from the my.cnf file,
# the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld]
if test -x "$bindir/my_print_defaults"; then
print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults"
else
# Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf
conf=/etc/my.cnf
print_defaults=
if test -r $conf
then
subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$'
dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf`
for d in $dirs
do
d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'`
if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
then
print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults"
break
fi
done
fi
# Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it
test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults"
fi
user='mysql'
su_kill() {
if test "$USER" = "$user"; then
kill $* >/dev/null 2>&1
else
su - $user -s /bin/sh -c "kill $*" >/dev/null 2>&1
fi
}
#
# Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there
# check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there
#
extra_args=""
if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf"
else
if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf"
then
extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf"
fi
fi
parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args --mysqld mysql.server`
parse_server_arguments "$@"
# wait for the pid file to disappear
wait_for_gone () {
pid="$1" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file
pid_file_path="$2" # path to the PID file.
i=0
crash_protection="by checking again"
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do
if su_kill -0 "$pid" ; then
: # the server still runs
else
if test ! -s "$pid_file_path"; then
# no server process and no pid-file? great, we're done!
log_success_msg
return 0
fi
# pid-file exists, the server process doesn't.
# it must've crashed, and mysqld_safe will restart it
if test -n "$crash_protection"; then
crash_protection=""
sleep 5
continue # Check again.
fi
# Cannot help it
log_failure_msg "The server quit without updating PID file ($pid_file_path)."
return 1 # not waiting any more.
fi
echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done
log_failure_msg
return 1
}
wait_for_ready () {
i=0
while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do
if $bindir/mysqladmin ping >/dev/null 2>&1; then
log_success_msg
return 0
elif kill -0 $! ; then
: # mysqld_safe is still running
else
# mysqld_safe is no longer running, abort the wait loop
break
fi
echo $echo_n ".$echo_c"
i=`expr $i + 1`
sleep 1
done
log_failure_msg
return 1
}
#
# Set pid file if not given
#
if test -z "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
mysqld_pid_file_path=$datadir/`hostname`.pid
else
case "$mysqld_pid_file_path" in
/* ) ;;
* ) mysqld_pid_file_path="$datadir/$mysqld_pid_file_path" ;;
esac
fi
# source other config files
[ -f /etc/default/mysql ] && . /etc/default/mysql
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/mysql ] && . /etc/sysconfig/mysql
[ -f /etc/conf.d/mysql ] && . /etc/conf.d/mysql
case "$mode" in
'start')
# Start daemon
# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir
echo $echo_n "Starting MariaDB"
if test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe
then
# Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script
# may be overwritten at next upgrade.
$bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file='/data/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf' --datadir="$datadir" --socket="$socket" --pid-file="$mysqld_pid_file_path" --basedir="$basedir" --user=mysql "$@" > /dev/null &
wait_for_ready; return_value=$?
# Make lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -w "$lockdir"
then
touch "$lock_file_path"
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MariaDB server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)"
fi
;;
'stop')
# Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the
# root password.
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
then
mysqld_pid=`cat "$mysqld_pid_file_path"`
if su_kill -0 $mysqld_pid ; then
echo $echo_n "Shutting down MariaDB"
su_kill $mysqld_pid
# mysqld should remove the pid file when it exits, so wait for it.
wait_for_gone $mysqld_pid "$mysqld_pid_file_path"; return_value=$?
else
log_failure_msg "MariaDB server process #$mysqld_pid is not running!"
rm "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
fi
# Delete lock for RedHat / SuSE
if test -f "$lock_file_path"
then
rm -f "$lock_file_path"
fi
exit $return_value
else
log_failure_msg "MariaDB server PID file could not be found!"
fi
;;
'restart')
# Stop the service and regardless of whether it was
# running or not, start it again.
if $0 stop "$@"; then
if ! $0 start "$@"; then
log_failure_msg "Failed to restart server."
exit 1
fi
else
log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start."
exit 1
fi
;;
'reload'|'force-reload')
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
su_kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MariaDB"
touch "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
else
log_failure_msg "MariaDB PID file could not be found!"
exit 1
fi
;;
'status')
# First, check to see if pid file exists
if test -s "$mysqld_pid_file_path" ; then
read mysqld_pid < "$mysqld_pid_file_path"
if su_kill -0 $mysqld_pid ; then
log_success_msg "MariaDB running ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 0
else
log_failure_msg "MariaDB is not running, but PID file exists"
exit 1
fi
else
# Try to find appropriate mysqld process
mysqld_pid=`pgrep $libexecdir/mysqld`
# test if multiple pids exist
pid_count=`echo $mysqld_pid | wc -w`
if test $pid_count -gt 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Multiple MariaDB running but PID file could not be found ($mysqld_pid)"
exit 5
elif test -z $mysqld_pid ; then
if test -f "$lock_file_path" ; then
log_failure_msg "MariaDB is not running, but lock file ($lock_file_path) exists"
exit 2
fi
log_failure_msg "MariaDB is not running"
exit 3
else
log_failure_msg "MariaDB is running but PID file could not be found"
exit 4
fi
fi
;;
'configtest')
# Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..)
cd $basedir
echo $echo_n "Testing MariaDB configuration syntax"
daemon=$bindir/mysqld
if test -x $libexecdir/mysqld
then
daemon=$libexecdir/mysqld
elif test -x $sbindir/mysqld
then
daemon=$sbindir/mysqld
elif test -x `which mysqld`
then
daemon=`which mysqld`
else
log_failure_msg "Unable to locate the mysqld binary!"
exit 1
fi
help_out=`$daemon --help 2>&1`; r=$?
if test "$r" != 0 ; then
log_failure_msg "$help_out"
log_failure_msg "There are syntax errors in the server configuration. Please fix them!"
else
log_success_msg "Syntax OK"
fi
exit $r
;;
'bootstrap')
if test "$_use_systemctl" == 1 ; then
log_failure_msg "Please use galera_new_cluster to start the mariadb service with --wsrep-new-cluster"
exit 1
fi
# Bootstrap the cluster, start the first node
# that initiate the cluster
echo $echo_n "Bootstrapping the cluster.. "
$0 start $other_args --wsrep-new-cluster
exit $?
;;
*)
# usage
basename=`basename "$0"`
echo "Usage: $basename {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status|configtest|bootstrap} [ MariaDB server options ]"
exit 1
;;
esac
exit 0
修改mysqld_pid_file_path, datadir参数,修改 $bindir/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf 指定到指定的多实例my.cnf文件,全局搜索my.cnf位置修改为多实例下的没有my.cnf文件,如:/data/mysql3306/etc/my.cnf
并给予700权限
chmod 700 /data/{mysql3306,mysql3307,mysql3308}/mysqld
13.给/data/mysql3306,/data/mysql3307 ,/data/mysql3308授予mysql用户及mysql组权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql3306
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql3308
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql3307
给予/data/mysql3306,/data/mysql3307 ,/data/mysql3308 acl默认权限
setfacl -R -m d:u:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3306
setfacl -R -m d:u:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3307
setfacl -R -m d:u:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3308
setfacl -R -m d:g:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3306
setfacl -R -m d:g:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3307
setfacl -R -m d:g:mysql:rwX /data/mysql3308
14.启动数据库
/data/mysql3306/mysqld start
/data/mysql3307/mysqld start
/data/mysql3308/mysqld start
15.查看端口是否开启
ss -tnlp
18.设置多实例数据库密码
注:由于mysql_secure_installation调用的sock文件默认是/tmp/my.sock或者/var/lib/mysql/my.sock,所以得设置软链接,才能给多实例数据库设置密码,如:
#ln -s /data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#mysql_secure_installation #运行mysql_secure_installation就能给mysql3306数据库设置密码
#rm -f /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#ln -s /data/mysql3307/socket/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#mysql_secure_installation #运行mysql_secure_installation就能给mysql3307数据库设置密码
#rm -f /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#ln -s /data/mysql3308/socket/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
#mysql_secure_installation #运行mysql_secure_installation就能给mysql3308数据库设置密码
17.登录数据库
mysql -S /data/mysql3306/socket/mysql.sock -urooot -p
mysql -S /data/mysql3307/socket/mysql.sock -urooot -p
mysql -S /data/mysql3308/socket/mysql.sock -urooot -p
18.设置多实例数据库为开机启动
#编辑/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件在末尾添加:
/data/mysql3306/mysqld start
/data/mysql3306/mysqld start
/data/mysql3306/mysqld start
#赋予/etc/rc.d/rc.local执行权限
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#更新/etc/rc.d/rc.local
source /etc/rc.d/rc.local
如果成功! 至此mariadb多实例就搭建成功!
参考: