读者-写者问题

读者优先：

int readcount = 0;
semaphore mutex = 1, wrt = 1;

Reader :
while(true){
	wait(mutex);
	readcount++;
	if(readcount == 1)
		wait(wrt);
	signal(mutex);
	 ...
	 	reading is performed
	 ... 
	wait(mutex);
	readcount--;
	if(readcount == 0)
		signal(wrt);
	signal(mutex);
}

Writer:
while(true){
	wait(wrt);
	...
		writing is performed;
	...
	signal(wrt);
}

写者优先：

int readCount = 0, writeCount = 0;
semaphore fileSrc = 1, read =1, readCountSignal = 1, writeCountSignal = 1;

Reader:
while(true){
	wait(read);   //申请令牌
	wait(readCountSignal); 
	
	if(readCount == 0)
		wait(fileSrc);
	readCount++;
	
	signal(readCountSignal);
	signal(read);	//释放令牌
	...
		perform read operation
	...
	wait(readCountSignal);
	readCount--;
	if(readCount == 0)
		signal(fileSrc);
	signal(readCountSignal);
}

writer:
while(true){
	wait(writeCountSignal);
	if(writeCount == 0)
		wait(read);
	writeCount++;
	signal(writeCountSignal);
	
	wait(fileSrc);
	...
		perform write operation
	...
	signal(fileSrc);
	
	wait(writeCountSignal);
	writeCount--;
	if(writeCount == 0)
		signal(read);
	signal(writeCountSignal);
}

读写公平：
1.优先级相同。
2.写者、读者互斥访问。
3.只能有一个写者访问临界区。
4.可以有多个读者同时访问临界资源。

int readCount = 0;
semaphore mutex = 1, rw = 1, w = 1;

Reader:
while(true){
	wait(w);
	wait(mutex);
	if(readCount == 0)
		wait(rw);
	readCount++;
	signal(mutex);
	signal(w);
	...
		perform read operation
	...
	wait(mutex);
	readCount--;
	if(readCount == 0)
		signal(rw);
	signal(mutex);
}

Writer:
while(true){
	wait(w);
	wait(rw);
	...
		perform write operation
	...
	signal(rw);
	signal(w);
}