悲观锁和乐观锁

悲观锁: 悲观的认为别人会修改我访问的数据, 所以会将资源锁定起来, 自己用完了再释放资源. 使用 synchronized 锁住代码块就是一个悲观锁的体现, 逻辑不严谨会出现死锁.

乐观锁: 乐观的认为别人不会修改数据. 会引深出ABA问题. 解决方案是加入version 版本号和 cas 算法.

public class ABATest {

    /**
     * 存在ABA 问题
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AtomicInteger atomicInteger = new AtomicInteger(1);

        new Thread(()->{
            int value = atomicInteger.get();
            System.out.println("thread 1 read value: " + value);
            // 阻塞1s
            LockSupport.parkNanos(1000000000L);
            if (atomicInteger.compareAndSet(value, 3)) {
                System.out.println("thread 1 update from " + value + " to 3");
            } else {
                System.out.println("thread 1 update fail!");
            }
        }).start();

        new Thread(()->{
            int value = atomicInteger.get();
            System.out.println("thread 2 read value: " + value);
            if (atomicInteger.compareAndSet(value, 2)) {
                System.out.println("thread 2 update from " + value + " to 2");
                // do sth
                value = atomicInteger.get();
                System.out.println("thread 2 read value: " + value);
                if (atomicInteger.compareAndSet(value, 1)) {
                    System.out.println("thread 2 update from " + value + " to 1");
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

}

public class ABAHandle {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        abaHandler();
    }

    private static void abaHandler() {
        AtomicStampedReference<Integer> atomicStampedReference = new AtomicStampedReference<>(1, 1);
        new Thread(()->{
            int[] stampHolder = new int[1];
            int value = atomicStampedReference.get(stampHolder);
            int stamp = stampHolder[0];
            System.out.println("thread 1 read value: " + value + ", stamp: " + stamp);
            // 阻塞1s
            LockSupport.parkNanos(1000000000L);
            if (atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(value, 3, stamp, stamp + 1)) {
                System.out.println("thread 1 update from " + value + " to 3");
            } else {
                System.out.println("thread 1 update fail!");
            }
        }).start();
        new Thread(()->{
            int[] stampHolder = new int[1];
            int value = atomicStampedReference.get(stampHolder);
            int stamp = stampHolder[0];
            System.out.println("thread 2 read value: " + value + ", stamp: " + stamp);
            if (atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(value, 2, stamp, stamp + 1)) {
                System.out.println("thread 2 update from " + value + " to 2");
                // do sth
                value = atomicStampedReference.get(stampHolder);
                stamp = stampHolder[0];
                System.out.println("thread 2 read value: " + value + ", stamp: " + stamp);
                if (atomicStampedReference.compareAndSet(value, 1, stamp, stamp + 1)) {
                    System.out.println("thread 2 update from " + value + " to 1");
                }
            }
        }).start();
    }

}