浅析vivi的Makefile

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-13 22:29:15 发布

xiaozhi_su

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-13 22:29:15 发布

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分类专栏：嵌入式开发文章标签： makefile wildcard include shell dependencies assembly

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#定义版本信息的四个变量：发行版本号、版本号、补丁程度、次版本号

VERSION = 0

PATCHLEVEL = 1

SUBLEVEL = 4

#发行版本号由版本号：补丁程度：次版本号组成

VIVIRELEASE=$(VERSION).$(PATCHLEVEL).$(SUBLEVEL)

#定义针对arm平台

#“:=”表示直接展开式的变量赋值，ARCH 的值不会随着arm变量的值的改变而改变

ARCH := arm

#定义shell命令解释器的变量CONFIG_SHELL，shell函数需要一个shell命令做为参数，

#函数的返回值是这个shell命令的执行结果，make仅仅对它的回返结果进行处理

#这里用来判断bash的路径，并把bash的路径赋值给CONFIG_SHELL

CONFIG_SHELL := $(shell if [ -x "$$BASH" ]; then echo $$BASH; /

else if [ -x /bin/bash ]; then echo /bin/bash; /

else echo sh; fi ; fi)

#定义顶层目录所在的路径，这里等于当前目录

TOPDIR := $(shell /bin/pwd)

# change this to point to the Linux include directory

LINUX_INCLUDE_DIR = /opt/host/armv4l/include/

#定义vivi头文件所在的路径

VIVIPATH = $(TOPDIR)/include

#定义本地的编译器及其参数

HOSTCC = gcc

HOSTCFLAGS = -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fomit-frame-pointer

#定义交叉编译器

CROSS_COMPILE = /opt/host/armv4l/bin/armv4l-unknown-linux-

#CROSS_COMPILE = /opt/host/armv4l/bin/armv4l-redhat-linux-

# Include the make variables (CC, etc...)

#定义交叉编译工具链

AS = $(CROSS_COMPILE)as

LD = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld

CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc

CPP = $(CC) -E

AR = $(CROSS_COMPILE)ar

NM = $(CROSS_COMPILE)nm

STRIP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)strip

OBJCOPY = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy

OBJDUMP = $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump

MAKEFILES = $(TOPDIR)/.config

MD5SUM = md5sum

PERL = perl

AWK = awk

#导出前面定义的变量，给子Makefile使用

export VERSION PATCHLEVEL SUBLEVEL KERNELRELEASE /

CONFIG_SHELL TOPDIR VIVIPATH HOSTCC HOSTCFLAGS CROSS_COMPILE AS LD CC /

CPP AR NM STRIP OBJCOPY OBJDUMP MAKE MAKEFILES MD5SUM PERL AWK

#第一条规则，生成最终目标all，依赖do-it-all

#all并没有定义生成规则

all: do-it-all

#wildcard 函数作用是列出当前目录下所有符合参数格式的文件名

#ifeq 判断参数是否相等

#整段的作用是判断当前目录下有没有.config这个文件，若有，则包含.config这个文件；

#若无，则定义变量CONFIGURATION为config，并且do-it-all依赖于config

ifeq (.config,$(wildcard .config))

include .config

else

CONFIGURATION = config

do-it-all: config

endif

#定义do-it-all依赖于Version 和 vivi，若上段无.config这个文件，则还多依赖了config

#do-it-all没有生成规则

do-it-all: Version vivi

# standard CFLAGS

#定义预处理器的参数

CPPFLAGS := -I$(VIVIPATH) -I$(LINUX_INCLUDE_DIR)

#CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wno-trigraphs -O2 /

# -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common

#定义编译器的参数

CFLAGS := $(CPPFLAGS) -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -O2 -fPIC -fomit-frame-pointer

#定义汇编器的参数

AFLAGS := -D__ASSEMBLY__ $(CPPFLAGS)

#定义核心文件

CORE_FILES = init/main.o init/version.o lib/lib.o

LIBS := lib/priv_data/priv_data.o

#定义子目录

SUBDIRS = drivers lib

#定义驱动，“+=”表示变量追加

DRIVERS-y :=

DRIVERS-$(CONFIG_SERIAL) += drivers/serial/serial.o

DRIVERS-$(CONFIG_MTD) += drivers/mtd/mtd.o

DRIVERS := $(DRIVERS-y)

#定义make clean 要删除的文件

CLEAN_FILES = /

vivi-elf /

vivi /

vivi.nm /

vivi.map

# Location of the gcc arm libs.

#指定库的路径

ARM_GCC_LIBS = /opt/host/armv4l/lib/gcc-lib/armv4l-unknown-linux/2.95.2

#ARM_GCC_LIBS = /opt/host/armv4l/lib/gcc-lib/armv4l-redhat-linux/2.95.3

#定义OBJCOPY的参数

OBJCOPYFLAGS = -R .comment -R .stab -R .stabstr

#指定库及库搜索路径

CLIBS = -L$(ARM_GCC_LIBS) -lgcc -lc

#指定链接器命令行参数

LINKFLAGS = -Tarch/vivi.lds -Bstatic

#定义执行make distclean 时要删除的文件

DISTCLEAN_FILES = /

include/autoconf.h include/version.h /

scripts/lxdialog/*.o scripts/lxdialog/lxdialog /

.menuconfig.log /

.config .config.old TAGS tags

#包含结构的Makefile

include arch/Makefile

#导出变量CPPFLAGS CFLAGS AFLAGS

export CPPFLAGS CFLAGS AFLAGS

#导出变量DRIVERS LDFLAGS

export DRIVERS LDFLAGS

#Version的规则，删除include/compile.h，“@”表示命令不回显

Version: dummy

@rm -f include/compile.h

#生成vivi的规则，依赖于include/version.h $(CONFIGURATION) init/main.o init/version.o #linuxsubdirs

vivi: include/version.h $(CONFIGURATION) init/main.o init/version.o linuxsubdirs

$(LD) -v $(LINKFLAGS) /

$(HEAD) /

$(CORE_FILES) /

$(DRIVERS) /

$(LIBS) /

-o vivi-elf $(CLIBS)

#列出目标文件vivi-elf的符号清单到vivi.map文件中

$(NM) -v -l vivi-elf > vivi.map

#把elf格式的可执行程序 vivi-elf 转换成待烧写的镜像文件 vivi

$(OBJCOPY) -O binary -S vivi-elf vivi $(OBJCOPYFLAGS)

oldconfig:

$(CONFIG_SHELL) scripts/Configure -d arch/config.in

config:

$(CONFIG_SHELL) scripts/Configure arch/config.in

menuconfig: include/version.h

$(MAKE) -C scripts/lxdialog all

$(CONFIG_SHELL) scripts/Menuconfig arch/config.in

clean:

find . /( -name '*.o' -o -name core -o -name ".*.flags" /) -type f -print /

| grep -v lxdialog/ | xargs rm -f

rm -f $(CLEAN_FILES)

distclean: clean

rm -f $(DISTCLEAN_FILES)

#linuxsubdirs的生成规则，由此进到子目录，执行子目录的Makefile

#patsubst字符替换函数，用在这里是把drivers lib 替换成_dir_drivers _dir_lib

linuxsubdirs: $(patsubst %, _dir_%, $(SUBDIRS))

#生成_dir_drivers _dir_lib的规则

#“-C”表示改变目录，$(patsubst _dir_%, %, $@)表示执行完后把生成的目标文件替换成#drivers lib

#名字来回替换的原因：driver或lib是子目录的名字，已经存在于文件中，这样就不会执行#Makefile中的规则

#因此，为了不和它们混淆，产生不必要的麻烦，就对目标的名字进行了替换。

$(patsubst %, _dir_%, $(SUBDIRS)) : include/version.h

$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_KERNEL)" -C $(patsubst _dir_%, %, $@)

$(TOPDIR)/include/version.h: include/version.h

$(TOPDIR)/include/compile.h: include/compile.h

include/compile.h: $(CONFIGURATION) include/version.h

@echo -n /#define UTS_VERSION /"/#$(VIVIRELEASE) > .ver

@if [ -f .name ]; then echo -n /-`cat .name` >> .ver; fi

@echo ' '`date`'"' >> .ver

@echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_TIME /"`date +%T`/" >> .ver

@echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_BY /"`whoami`/" >> .ver

@echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_HOST /"`hostname`/" >> .ver

@if [ -x /bin/dnsdomainname ]; then /

echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_DOMAIN /"`dnsdomainname`/"; /

elif [ -x /bin/domainname ]; then /

echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_DOMAIN /"`domainname`/"; /

else /

echo /#define VIVI_COMPILE_DOMAIN ; /

fi >> .ver

@echo /#define VIVI_COMPILER /"`$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -v 2>&1 | tail -1`/" >> .ver

@mv -f .ver $@

#把以下三句话写到include/version.h中,其中的“@”表示不回显，“/”表示它后面的“#”不是注释

##define VIVI_RELEASE /"$(VIVIRELEASE)/"

##define VIVI_VERSION_CODE `expr $(VERSION) //* 65536 + $(PATCHLEVEL) //* 256 + $(SUBLEVEL)`

##define VIVI_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) << 16) + ((b) << 8) + (c))

include/version.h:

@echo /#define VIVI_RELEASE /"$(VIVIRELEASE)/" > .ver

@echo /#define VIVI_VERSION_CODE `expr $(VERSION) //* 65536 + $(PATCHLEVEL) //* 256 + $(SUBLEVEL)` >> .ver

@echo '#define VIVI_VERSION(a,b,c) (((a) << 16) + ((b) << 8) + (c))' >>.ver

#把.ver 改名成include/version.h

@mv -f .ver $@

init/version.o: init/version.c include/compile.h

$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -DUTS_MACHINE='"$(ARCH)"' -c -o init/version.o init/version.c

#生成main.o的规则

init/main.o: init/main.c

$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_KERNEL) $(PROFILING) -c -o $*.o $<

TAGS: dummy

etags `find include -name '*.h'`

find $(SUBDIRS) init -name '*.[ch]' | xargs etags -a

# Exuberant ctags works better with -I

tags: dummy

CTAGSF=`ctags --version | grep -i exuberant >/dev/null && echo "-I __initdata,__exitdata,EXPORT_SYMBOL,EXPORT_SYMBOL_NOVERS"`; /

ctags $$CTAGSF `find include -name '*.h'` && /

find $(SUBDIRS) init -name '*.[ch]' | xargs ctags $$CTAGSF -a

%: ./arch/def-configs/%

$(MAKE) distclean

cp arch/def-configs/$* ./.config -f

$(MAKE) oldconfig

$(MAKE)

ifdef CONFIGURATION

..$(CONFIGURATION):

@echo

@echo "You have a bad or nonexistent" .$(CONFIGURATION) ": running 'make" $(CONFIGURATION)"'"

@echo

$(MAKE) $(CONFIGURATION)

@echo

@echo "Successful. Try re-making (ignore the error that follows)"

@echo

exit 1

dummy:

else

dummy:

endif

#包含make的规则

#为什么能写在最后呢,而不是写在开头呢？

#因为make分两阶段执行.

#第一阶段：读取所有的makefile文件（包括“MAKIFILES”变量指定的、指示符“include”#指定的、

#以及命令行选项“-f(--file)”指定的makefile文件），内建所有的变量、明确规则和隐含规

#则，

#并建立所有目标和依赖之间的依赖关系结构链表。

#第二阶段：根据第一阶段已经建立的依赖关系结构链表决定哪些目标需要更新，并使用对

#应的规则来重建这些目标。

include Rules.make

=========================================================================

附加Rules.make文件：

# This file contains rules which are shared between multiple Makefiles.

# False targets.

#定义伪目标dummy

.PHONY: dummy

# Special variables which should not be exported

#不导出变量，防止影响其它文件的同名变量

unexport EXTRA_AFLAGS

unexport EXTRA_CFLAGS

unexport EXTRA_LDFLAGS

unexport EXTRA_ARFLAGS

unexport SUBDIRS

unexport SUB_DIRS

unexport ALL_SUB_DIRS

unexport O_TARGET

unexport obj-y

unexport obj-n

unexport obj-

unexport export-objs

unexport subdir-y

unexport subdir-m

unexport subdir-n

unexport subdir-

# Get things started.

first_rule: sub_dirs

$(MAKE) all_targets

both-m := $(filter $(mod-subdirs), $(subdir-y))

SUB_DIRS := $(subdir-y)

ALL_SUB_DIRS := $(sort $(subdir-y) $(subdir-m) $(subdir-n) $(subdir-))

# Common rules

%.s: %.c

$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$@) -S $< -o $@

%.i: %.c

$(CPP) $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$@) $< > $@

%.o: %.c

$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$@) -c -o $@ $<

@ ( /

echo 'ifeq ($(strip $(subst $(comma),:,$(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$@))),$$(strip $$(subst $$(comma),:,$$(CFLAGS) $$(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $$(CFLAGS_$@))))' ; /

echo 'FILES_FLAGS_UP_TO_DATE += $@' ; /

echo 'endif' /

) > $(dir $@)/.$(notdir $@).flags

%.o: %.s

$(AS) $(AFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) -o $@ $<

%.s: %.S

$(CPP) $(AFLAGS) $(EXTRA_AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$@) $< > $@

%.o: %.S

$(CC) $(AFLAGS) $(EXTRA_AFLAGS) $(AFLAGS_$@) -c -o $@ $<

%.lst: %.c

$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) $(CFLAGS_$@) -g -c -o $*.o $<

$(TOPDIR)/scripts/makelst $* $(TOPDIR) $(OBJDUMP)

#O_TARGET L_TARGET在子Makefile中定义

all_targets: $(O_TARGET) $(L_TARGET)

# Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .o file

ifdef O_TARGET

$(O_TARGET): $(obj-y)

rm -f $@

ifneq "$(strip $(obj-y))" ""

$(LD) $(EXTRA_LDFLAGS) -r -o $@ $(filter $(obj-y), $^)

else

#打包成目标文件

$(AR) rcs $@

endif

@ ( /

echo 'ifeq ($(strip $(subst $(comma),:,$(EXTRA_LDFLAGS) $(obj-y))),$$(strip $$(subst $$(comma),:,$$(EXTRA_LDFLAGS) $$(obj-y))))' ; /

echo 'FILES_FLAGS_UP_TO_DATE += $@' ; /

echo 'endif' /

) > $(dir $@)/.$(notdir $@).flags

endif # O_TARGET

# Rule to compile a set of .o files into one .a file

ifdef L_TARGET

$(L_TARGET): $(obj-y)

rm -f $@

$(AR) $(EXTRA_ARFLAGS) rcs $@ $(obj-y)

@ ( /

echo 'ifeq ($(strip $(subst $(comma),:,$(EXTRA_ARFLAGS) $(obj-y))),$$(strip $$(subst $$(comma),:,$$(EXTRA_ARFLAGS) $$(obj-y))))' ; /

echo 'FILES_FLAGS_UP_TO_DATE += $@' ; /

echo 'endif' /

) > $(dir $@)/.$(notdir $@).flags

endif

# This make dependencies quickly

fastdep: dummy

$(TOPDIR)/scripts/mkdep $(CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CFLAGS) -- $(wildcard *.[chS]) > .depend

ifdef ALL_SUB_DIRS

$(MAKE) $(patsubst %,_sfdep_%,$(ALL_SUB_DIRS)) _FASTDEP_ALL_SUB_DIRS="$(ALL_SUB_DIRS)"

endif

ifdef _FASTDEP_ALL_SUB_DIRS

$(patsubst %,_sfdep_%,$(_FASTDEP_ALL_SUB_DIRS)):

$(MAKE) -C $(patsubst _sfdep_%,%,$@) fastdep

endif

# A rule to make subdirectories

#sort按字母排序函数，在这里先把$(SUB_DIRS)替换成_subdir_$(SUB_DIRS)的形式，再按

#字母顺序排序

subdir-list = $(sort $(patsubst %,_subdir_%,$(SUB_DIRS)))

sub_dirs: dummy $(subdir-list)

ifdef SUB_DIRS

$(subdir-list) : dummy

$(MAKE) -C $(patsubst _subdir_%,%,$@)

endif

# A rule to do nothing

dummy:

# This is useful for testing

script:

$(SCRIPT)

# include dependency files if they exist

ifneq ($(wildcard .depend),)

include .depend

endif

ifneq ($(wildcard $(TOPDIR)/.hdepend),)

include $(TOPDIR)/.hdepend

endif

# Find files whose flags have changed and force recompilation.

# For safety, this works in the converse direction:

# every file is forced, except those whose flags are positively up-to-date.

FILES_FLAGS_UP_TO_DATE :=

# For use in expunging commas from flags, which mung our checking.

comma = ,

FILES_FLAGS_EXIST := $(wildcard .*.flags)

ifneq ($(FILES_FLAGS_EXIST),)

include $(FILES_FLAGS_EXIST)

endif

FILES_FLAGS_CHANGED := $(strip /

$(filter-out $(FILES_FLAGS_UP_TO_DATE), /

$(O_TARGET) $(L_TARGET) $(active-objs) /

))

# A kludge: .S files don't get flag dependencies (yet),

# because that will involve changing a lot of Makefiles. Also

# suppress object files explicitly listed in $(IGNORE_FLAGS_OBJS).

# This allows handling of assembly files that get translated into

# multiple object files (see arch/ia64/lib/idiv.S, for example).

FILES_FLAGS_CHANGED := $(strip /

$(filter-out $(patsubst %.S, %.o, $(wildcard *.S) $(IGNORE_FLAGS_OBJS)), /

$(FILES_FLAGS_CHANGED)))

ifneq ($(FILES_FLAGS_CHANGED),)

$(FILES_FLAGS_CHANGED): dummy

endif

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浅析vivi的Makefile

#定义版本信息的四个变量：发行版本号、版本号、补丁程度、次版本号VERSION = 0 PATCHLEVEL = 1 SUBLEVEL = 4 #发行版本号由版本号：补丁程度：次版本号组成VIVIRELEASE=$(VERSION).$(PATCHLEVEL).$(SUBLEVEL) #定义针对arm平台#“
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